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Heat and Thermodynamics

72 questions · Physics · JEE Advanced
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Heat and Thermodynamics

72 questions · Physics · JEE Advanced

  1. Two identical plates P and Q , radiating as perfect black bodies, are kept in vacuum at constant absolute temperatures TP​ and TQ​, respectively, with TQ​<TP​… Includes diagram2025 · Shift 1 · Q42 · Numerical
  2. The efficiency of a Carnot engine operating with a hot reservoir kept at a temperature of 1000 K is 0.4 . It extracts 150 J of heat per cycle from the hot reservoir. The work extracted from this engine is being fully used to run a heat…2025 · Shift 2 · Q40 · Multiple correct
  3. An ideal monatomic gas of n moles is taken through a cycle WXYZW consisting of consecutive adiabatic and isobaric quasi-static processes, as shown in the schematic V−T diagram. The volume of the gas at W,X and Y points are, 64 cm3,125 cm3… Includes diagram2025 · Shift 2 · Q43 · Numerical
  4. The left and right compartments of a thermally isolated container of length L are separated by a thermally conducting, movable piston of area A. The left and right compartments are filled with 23​ and 1 moles of an ideal gas,… Includes diagram2025 · Shift 2 · Q45 · Numerical
  5. The specific heat capacity of a substance is temperature dependent and is given by the formula C=kT, where k is a constant of suitable dimensions in SI units, and T is the absolute temperature. If the heat required to raise the…2024 · Shift 1 · Q42 · Numerical
  6. One mole of a monatomic ideal gas undergoes the cyclic process J→K→L→M→J, as shown in the P-T diagram. Match the quantities mentioned in List-I… Includes table Includes diagram2024 · Shift 1 · Q48 · MCQ
  7. A spherical soap bubble inside an air chamber at pressure P0​=105 Pa has a certain radius so that the excess pressure inside the bubble is ΔP=144 Pa. Now, the chamber pressure is reduced to 8P0​/27 so…2024 · Shift 2 · Q47 · Numerical
  8. One mole of an ideal gas expands adiabatically from an initial state (TA​,V0​) to final state (Tf​,5V0​). Another mole of the same gas expands isothermally from a different initial state (TB​,V0​)…2023 · Shift 1 · Q40 · MCQ
  9. A closed container contains a homogeneous mixture of two moles of an ideal monatomic gas (γ=5/3) and one mole of an ideal diatomic gas (γ=7/5). Here, γ is the ratio of the specific heats at constant pressure and…2023 · Shift 1 · Q45 · Numerical
  10. Match the temperature of a black body given in List-I with an appropriate statement in List-II, and choose the correct option. [Given: Wien's constant as 2.9×10−3 m−K and ehc​=1.24×10−6 V−m… Includes table2023 · Shift 1 · Q49 · MCQ
  11. An ideal gas is in thermodynamic equilibrium. The number of degrees of freedom of a molecule of the gas is n. The internal energy of one mole of the gas is Un​ and the speed of sound in the gas is vn​. At a fixed temperature…2023 · Shift 2 · Q38 · MCQ
  12. One mole of an ideal gas undergoes two different cyclic processes I and II, as shown in the P−V diagrams below. In cycle I, processes a,b,c and d are isobaric, isothermal, isobaric and isochoric, respectively. In cycle II,… Includes diagram2023 · Shift 2 · Q47 · Numerical
  13. A cylindrical furnace has height (H) and diameter (D) both 1 m. It is maintained at temperature 360 K. The air gets heated inside the furnace at constant pressure Pa​ and its temperature becomes T=360 K… Includes diagram2023 · Shift 2 · Q50 · Numerical
  14. A cylindrical furnace has height (H) and diameter (D) both 1 m. It is maintained at temperature 360 K. The air gets heated inside the furnace at constant pressure Pa​ and its temperature becomes T=360 K… Includes diagram2023 · Shift 2 · Q51 · Numerical
  15. List I describes thermodynamic processes in four different systems. List II gives the magnitudes (either exactly or as a close approximation) of possible changes in the internal energy of the system due to the process. Which one of the… Includes table2022 · Shift 1 · Q53 · MCQ
  16. In the given P−V diagram, a monoatomic gas (γ=35​) is first compressed adiabatically from state A to state B. Then it expands isothermally from state B to state C. [Given: (31​)0.6≃0.5,ln2≃0.7… Includes diagram2022 · Shift 2 · Q50 · Multiple correct
  17. An ideal gas undergoes a four step cycle as shown in the P-V diagram below. During this cycle, heat is absorbed by the gas in Includes diagram2021 · Shift 1 · Q40 · MCQ
  18. A small object is placed at the center of a large evacuated hollow spherical container. Assume that the container is maintained at 0 K. At time t = 0, the temperature of the object is 200 K. The temperature of the object becomes 100 K at t…2021 · Shift 1 · Q57 · Numerical
  19. A soft plastic bottle, filled with water of density 1 gm/cc, carries an inverted glass test-tube with some air (ideal gas) trapped as shown in the figure. The test-tube has a mass of 5 gm, and it is made of a thick glass of density 2.5… Includes diagram2021 · Shift 2 · Q45 · Numerical
  20. A soft plastic bottle, filled with water of density 1 gm/cc, carries an inverted glass test-tube with some air (ideal gas) trapped as shown in the figure. The test-tube has a mass of 5 gm, and it is made of a thick glass of density 2.5… Includes diagram2021 · Shift 2 · Q46 · Numerical
  21. A thermally insulating cylinder has a thermally insulating and frictionless movable partition in the middle, as shown in the figure below. On each side of the partition, there is one mole of an ideal gas, with specific heat at constant… Includes diagram2021 · Shift 2 · Q53 · MCQ
  22. A thermally insulating cylinder has a thermally insulating and frictionless movable partition in the middle, as shown in the figure below. On each side of the partition, there is one mole of an ideal gas, with specific heat at constant… Includes diagram2021 · Shift 2 · Q54 · MCQ
  23. Consider one mole of helium gas enclosed in a container at initial pressure P1 and volume V1. It expands isothermally to volume 4V1. After this, the gas expands adiabatically and its volume becomes 32V1. The work done by the gas during…2020 · Shift 1 · Q45 · Numerical
  24. The filament of a light bulb has surface area 64 mm2 . The filament can be considered as a black body at temperature 2500 K emitting radiation like a point source when viewed from far. At night the light bulb is observed from a distance of…2020 · Shift 1 · Q49 · Multiple correct
  25. A thermally isolated cylindrical closed vessel of height 8 m is kept vertically. It is divided into two equal parts by a diathermic (perfect thermal conductor) frictionless partition of mass 8.3 kg. Thus the partition is held initially at… Includes diagram2020 · Shift 2 · Q41 · Numerical
  26. A spherical bubble inside water has radius R. Take the pressure inside the bubble and the water pressure to be p0. The bubble now gets compressed radially in an adiabatic manner so that its radius becomes (R − a). For a << R the…2020 · Shift 2 · Q49 · Numerical
  27. A container with 1 kg of water in it is kept in sunlight, which causes the water to get warmer than the surroundings. The average energy per unit time per unit area received due to the sunlight is 700 Wm − 2 and it is absorbed by the…2020 · Shift 2 · Q54 · Numerical
  28. One mole of a monatomic ideal gas goes through a thermodynamic cycle, as shown in the volume versus temperature (V-T) diagram. The correct statement(s) is/are [R is the gas constant] Includes diagram2019 · Shift 1 · Q44 · Multiple correct
  29. A mixture of ideal gas containing 5 moles of monatomic gas and 1 mole of rigid diatomic gas is initially at pressure P0, volume V0, and temperature T0. If the gas mixture is adiabatically compressed to a volume 4V0​​, then…2019 · Shift 2 · Q44 · Multiple correct
  30. In a thermodynamic process on an ideal monatomic gas, the infinitesimal heat absorbed by the gas is given by T Δ X where T is temperature of the system and Δ X is the infinitesimal change in a thermodynamic quantity X of the… Includes diagram2019 · Shift 2 · Q53 · MCQ
  31. In a thermodynamic process on an ideal monatomic gas, the infinitesimal heat absorbed by the gas is given by T Δ X where T is temperature of the system and Δ X is the infinitesimal change in a thermodynamic quantity X of the… Includes diagram2019 · Shift 2 · Q54 · MCQ
  32. One mole of a monatomic ideal gas undergoes a cyclic process as shown in the figure (where V is the volume and T is the temperature). Which of the statements below is (are) true? Includes diagram2018 · Shift 1 · Q46 · Multiple correct
  33. One mole of a monatomic ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic expansion in which its volume becomes eight times its initial value. If the initial temperature of the gas is 100K and the universal gas constant $R=8.0J\,mo{l^{ - 1}}{K^{ -…2018 · Shift 2 · Q47 · Numerical
  34. One mole of a monatomic ideal gas undergoes four thermodynamic processes as shown schematically in the PV-diagram below. Among these four processes, one is isobaric, one is isochoric, one is isothermal and one is adiabatic. Match the… Includes table Includes diagram2018 · Shift 2 · Q52 · MCQ
  35. An ideal gas is undergoing a cyclic thermodynamic process in different ways as shown in the corresponding P−V diagram in column 3 of the table. Consider only the path from state 1 to state 2.W denotes the corresponding work done on… Includes diagram2017 · Shift 1 · Q51 · MCQ
  36. An ideal gas is undergoing a cyclic thermodynamic process in different ways as shown in the corresponding P−V diagram in column 3 of the table. Consider only the path from state 1 to state 2.W denotes the corresponding work done on… Includes diagram2017 · Shift 1 · Q52 · MCQ
  37. An ideal gas is undergoing a cyclic thermodynamic process in different ways as shown in the corresponding P−V diagram in column 3 of the table. Consider only the path from state 1 to state 2.W denotes the corresponding work done on… Includes diagram2017 · Shift 1 · Q53 · MCQ
  38. A metal is heated in a furnace where a sensor is kept above the metal surface to read the power radiated (P) by the metal. The sensor has a scale that displays log2​(P0​P​), where P0 is a constant. When…2016 · Shift 1 · Q38 · Numerical
  39. A water cooler of storage capacity 120 litres can cool water at a constant rate of P watts. In a closed circulation system (as shown schematically in the figure), the water from the cooler is used to cool an external device that generates… Includes diagram2016 · Shift 1 · Q44 · MCQ
  40. A gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a movable frictionless piston. Its initial thermodynamic state at pressure Pi = 105 Pa and volume Vi = 10-3 m3 changes to a final state at Pf = (321​)×105Pa and…2016 · Shift 2 · Q38 · MCQ
  41. The ends Q and R of two thin wires, PQ and RS, are soldered (joined) together. Initially each of the wires has a length of 1 m at 10oC. Now the end P is maintained at 10oC, while the end S is heated and maintained at 400oC. The system is…2016 · Shift 2 · Q39 · MCQ
  42. Two spherical stars A and B emit blackbody radiation. The radius of A is 400 times that of B and A emits 104 times the power emitted from B. The ratio (λB​λA​​) of their wavelengths λA​…2015 · Shift 1 · Q42 · Numerical
  43. A container of fixed volume has a mixture of one mole of hydrogen and one mole of helium in equilibrium at temperature T. Assuming the gases are ideal, the correct statement(s) is(are)2015 · Shift 1 · Q43 · Multiple correct
  44. An ideal monoatomic gas is confined in a horizontal cylinder by a spring loaded piston (as shown in the figure). Initially the gas is at temperature T1, pressure P1 and volume V1 and the spring is in its relaxed state. The gas is then… Includes diagram2015 · Shift 2 · Q54 · Multiple correct
  45. A thermodynamic system is taken from an initial state i with internal energy Ui = 100 J to the final state f along two different paths iaf and ibf, as schematically shown in the figure. The work done by the system along the paths af, ib… Includes diagram2014 · Shift 1 · Q60 · Numerical
  46. Parallel rays of light of intensity I= 912 Wm–2 are incident on a spherical black body kept in surroundings of temperature 300 K. Take Stefan-Boltzmann constant σ= 5.7 × 10–8 Wm–2K–4 and assume that the energy exchange with…2014 · Shift 2 · Q42 · MCQ
  47. In the figure a container is shown to have a movable (without friction) piston on top. The container and the piston are all made of perfectly insulating material allowing no heat transfer between outside and inside the container. The… Includes diagram2014 · Shift 2 · Q54 · MCQ
  48. In the figure a container is shown to have a movable (without friction) piston on top. The container and the piston are all made of perfectly insulating material allowing no heat transfer between outside and inside the container. The… Includes diagram2014 · Shift 2 · Q55 · MCQ
  49. Two non-reactive monoatomic ideal gases have their atomic masses in the ratio 2 : 3. The ratio of their partial pressures, when enclosed in a vessel kept at a constant temperature, is 4 : 3. The ratio of their densities is2013 · Shift 1 · Q49 · MCQ
  50. Two rectangular blocks, having identical dimensions, can be arranged in either configuration-I or configuration-II as shown in the figure. One of the blocks has thermal conductivity κ and the other 2 κ. The temperature… Includes diagram2013 · Shift 1 · Q54 · MCQ
  51. The figure below shows the variation of specific heat capacity (C) of a solid as a function of temperature (T). The temperature is increased continuously from 0 to 500 K at a constant rate. Ignoring any volume change, the following… Includes diagram2013 · Shift 2 · Q50 · Multiple correct
  52. One mole of a monatomic ideal gas is taken along two cyclic processes E → F → G → E and E → F → H → E as shown in the PV diagram. The processes involved are purely isochoric, isobaric, isothermal or adiabatic. Match… Includes table Includes diagram2013 · Shift 2 · Q59 · MCQ
  53. A mixture of 2 moles of helium gas (atomic mass = 4 amu) and 1 mole of argon gas (atomic mass = 40 amu) is kept at 300 K in a container. The ratio of the rms speeds (vrms​(argon)vrms​(helium)​)…2012 · Shift 1 · Q44 · MCQ
  54. Three very large plates of same area are kept parallel and close to each other. They are considered as ideal black surfaces and have very high thermal conductively. The first and third plates are maintained at temperatures 2T and 3T,…2012 · Shift 1 · Q49 · MCQ
  55. Two moles of ideal helium gas are in a rubber balloon at 30oC. The balloon is fully expandable and can be assumed to require no energy in its expansion. The temperature of the gas in the balloon is slowly changed to 35oC. The amount of…2012 · Shift 2 · Q45 · MCQ
  56. 5.6 liter of helium gas at STP is adiabatically compressed to 0.7 liter. Taking the initial temperature to be T1, the work done in the process is2011 · Shift 1 · Q52 · MCQ
  57. Steel wire of lenght ‘L’ at 40oC is suspended from the ceiling and then a mass ‘m’ is hung from its free end. The wire is cooled down from 40oC to 30oC to regain its original length ‘L’. The coefficient of linear thermal expansion of the…2011 · Shift 1 · Q53 · Numerical
  58. One mole of a monatomic gas is taken through a cycle ABCDA as shown in the PV diagram. Column II give the characteristics involved in the cycle. Match them with each of the processes given in Column I. Includes table Includes diagram2011 · Shift 2 · Q59 · MCQ
  59. A real gas behaves like an ideal gas if its2010 · Shift 1 · Q62 · MCQ
  60. Two spherical bodies A (radius 6 cm ) and B (radius 18 cm ) are at temperature T1 and T2, respectively. The maximum intensity in the emission spectrum of A is at 500 nm and in that of B is at 1500 nm. Considering them to be black bodies,…2010 · Shift 1 · Q63 · Numerical
  61. A piece of ice (heat capacity = 2100 J kg-1 oC-1 and latent heat = 3.36 × 105 J kg-1 ) of mass m grams is at - 5 oC at atmospheric pressure. It is given 420 J of heat so that the ice starts melting. Finally when the ice-water…2010 · Shift 1 · Q64 · Numerical
  62. One mole of an ideal gas in initial state A undergoes a cyclic process ABCA, as shown in the figure. Its pressure at A is P0. Choose the correct option(s) from the following: Includes diagram2010 · Shift 1 · Q73 · Multiple correct
  63. A diatomic ideal gas is compressed adiabatically 321​ of its initial volume. If the initial temperature of the gas is Ti (in Kelvin) and the final temperature is a Ti, the value of a is2010 · Shift 2 · Q43 · Numerical
  64. CV​ and CP​ denote the molar specific heat capacities of a gas at constant volume and constant pressure, respectively. Then2009 · Shift 1 · Q50 · Multiple correct
  65. The figure shows the PV plot of an ideal gas taken through a cycle ABCDA. The part ABC is a semicircle and CDA is half of an ellipse. Then, Includes diagram2009 · Shift 2 · Q43 · Multiple correct
  66. Column II gives certain systems undergoing a process. Column I suggests changes in some of the parameters related to the system. Match the statements in Column I to the appropriate process(es) from Column II: Includes table2009 · Shift 2 · Q48 · MCQ
  67. A metal rod AB of length 10x has its one end A in ice at 0 ∘ C and the other end B in water at 100 ∘ C. If a point P on the rod is maintained at 400 ∘ C, then it is found that equal amounts of water and ice evaporate…2009 · Shift 2 · Q56 · Numerical
  68. An ideal gas is expanding such that PT 2 = constant. The coefficient of volume expansion of the gas is2008 · Shift 1 · Q51 · MCQ
  69. Column I contains a list of processes involving expansion of an ideal gas. Match this with Column II describing the thermodynamic change during this process. Indicate your answer by darkening the appropriate bubbles of the 4 × 4… Includes table Includes diagram2008 · Shift 2 · Q66 · MCQ
  70. A fixed thermally conducting cylinder has a radius R and height L0​. The cylinder is open at its bottom and has a small hole at its top. A piston of mass M is held at a distance L from the top surface, as shown in the figure. The… Includes diagram2007 · Shift 1 · Q59 · MCQ
  71. A fixed thermally conducting cylinder has a radius R and height L0​. The cylinder is open at its bottom and has a small hole at its top. A piston of mass M is held at a distance L from the top surface, as shown in the figure. The… Includes diagram2007 · Shift 1 · Q61 · MCQ
  72. STATEMENT 1 The total translational kinetic energy of all the molecules of a given mass of an ideal gas is 1.5 times the product of its pressure and its volume. Because STATEMENT 2 The molecules of a gas collide with each other and the…2007 · Shift 2 · Q21 · MCQ