- AThe average energy per mole of the gas mixture is 2RT
- BThe ratio of speed of sound in the gas mixture to that in helium gas is
- CThe ratio of the rms speed of helium atoms to that of hydrogen molecules is
- DThe ratio of the rms speed of helium atoms to that of hydrogen molecules is
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Correct answer: A, B, D
Analysis of the Statements
Let's analyze each statement step-by-step. We are given a mixture of 1 mole of hydrogen () and 1 mole of helium (He) in a container of fixed volume at temperature T. Both gases are assumed to be ideal.
A: The average energy per mole of the gas mixture is 2RT
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Internal Energy of an Ideal Gas: The internal energy (U) of moles of an ideal gas with degrees of freedom per molecule is given by the formula , where R is the universal gas constant.
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Hydrogen (): Hydrogen is a diatomic gas. At temperature T (assuming it's not high enough for vibrational modes to be active), it has 3 translational and 2 rotational degrees of freedom. So, . The internal energy of 1 mole of hydrogen is:
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Helium (He): Helium is a monatomic gas. It has only 3 translational degrees of freedom. So, . The internal energy of 1 mole of helium is:
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Total Internal Energy of the Mixture: The total internal energy of the mixture is the sum of the internal energies of its components.
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Average Energy per Mole: The mixture contains a total of moles. The average energy per mole of the mixture is:
Thus, statement A is correct.
B: The ratio of speed of sound in the gas mixture to that in helium gas is
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Speed of Sound: The speed of sound in an ideal gas is given by , where is the adiabatic index and M is the molar mass.
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For Helium Gas:
- Molar mass: g/mol.
- Adiabatic index for a monatomic gas: .
- Speed of sound in Helium: .
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For the Gas Mixture:
- Average molar mass: g/mol.
- Molar specific heat at constant volume for the mixture: .
- Molar specific heat at constant pressure for the mixture: .
- Adiabatic index for the mixture: .
- Speed of sound in the mixture: .
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Ratio of Speeds:
Thus, statement B is correct.
C: The ratio of the rms speed of helium atoms to that of hydrogen molecules is D: The ratio of the rms speed of helium atoms to that of hydrogen molecules is
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RMS Speed: The root-mean-square (rms) speed of gas molecules is given by .
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Thermal Equilibrium: Since the gases are in equilibrium, they are at the same temperature T.
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RMS Speed of Helium: .
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RMS Speed of Hydrogen: .
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Ratio of RMS Speeds:
Thus, statement D is correct, and statement C is incorrect.
Conclusion: The correct statements are A, B, and D.
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