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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2022 · 30 Jun · Shift 1 · Q16
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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2022 · 30 Jun · Shift 1 · Q16

JEE MainChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular StructureNumerical+4 / −1
Amongst the following, the number of molecule/(s) having net resultant dipole moment is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​. NF3NF_3NF3​, BF3BF_3BF3​, BeF2BeF_2BeF2​, CHCl3CHCl_3CHCl3​, H2SH_2SH2​S, SiF4SiF_4SiF4​, CCl4CCl_4CCl4​, PF5PF_5PF5​
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 3

  1. We need to count how many of the given molecules have non-zero net dipole moment.

  2. Rule:

    • A molecule is polar if the vector sum of all bond dipole moments is non-zero.
    • Even if bonds are polar, a symmetric geometry can make the net dipole moment zero.

  1. Check each molecule one by one.

(i) NF3NF_3NF3​

  • Shape: trigonal pyramidal (because N has one lone pair)
  • The N−FN-FN−F bond dipoles do not cancel completely due to non-planar asymmetric shape.
  • Hence, NF3NF_3NF3​ is polar.

⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Net dipole moment ≠0\neq 0=0


(ii) BF3BF_3BF3​

  • Shape: trigonal planar
  • Three identical B−FB-FB−F bond dipoles are symmetrically arranged at 120∘120^\circ120∘.
  • They cancel out.

⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Net dipole moment =0=0=0


(iii) BeF2BeF_2BeF2​

  • Shape: linear
  • Two identical Be−FBe-FBe−F bond dipoles are opposite and cancel.

⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Net dipole moment =0=0=0


(iv) CHCl3CHCl_3CHCl3​

  • Shape: tetrahedral
  • Bonds are not all identical: three C−ClC-ClC−Cl and one C−HC-HC−H.
  • Because of unequal bond dipoles, cancellation is not complete.

⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Net dipole moment ≠0\neq 0=0


(v) H2SH_2SH2​S

  • Shape: bent (due to two lone pairs on S)
  • The two S−HS-HS−H bond dipoles do not cancel.

⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Net dipole moment ≠0\neq 0=0


(vi) SiF4SiF_4SiF4​

  • Shape: tetrahedral
  • Four identical Si−FSi-FSi−F bonds arranged symmetrically.
  • Dipoles cancel.

⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Net dipole moment =0=0=0


(vii) CCl4CCl_4CCl4​

  • Shape: tetrahedral
  • Four identical C−ClC-ClC−Cl bond dipoles cancel due to symmetry.

⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Net dipole moment =0=0=0


(viii) PF5PF_5PF5​

  • Shape: trigonal bipyramidal
  • Symmetric arrangement of identical P−FP-FP−F bonds leads to cancellation.

⇒\Rightarrow⇒ Net dipole moment =0=0=0


  1. Polar molecules are:
  • NF3NF_3NF3​
  • CHCl3CHCl_3CHCl3​
  • H2SH_2SH2​S

So, the number of molecules having net resultant dipole moment is 333

  1. Comparison with stored correct answer:
  • Stored correct answer = 333
  • Derived answer = 333

They match.

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