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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2021 · 25 Feb · Shift 1 · Q70
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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2021 · 25 Feb · Shift 1 · Q70

JEE MainPhysicsHeat and ThermodynamicsNumerical+4 / −1
In a certain thermodynamical process, the pressure of a gas depends on its volume as kV3. The work done when the temperature changes from 100 ∘^\circ∘ C to 300 ∘^\circ∘ C will be ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ nR, where n denotes number of moles of a gas.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 50

  1. Given relation between pressure and volume

    The pressure varies with volume as P=kV3P = kV^3P=kV3 where kkk is a constant.

  2. Use the ideal gas equation

    For nnn moles of an ideal gas, PV=nRTPV = nRTPV=nRT

    Substituting P=kV3P = kV^3P=kV3: kV3⋅V=nRTkV^3 \cdot V = nRTkV3⋅V=nRT kV4=nRTkV^4 = nRTkV4=nRT

    Hence, T=kV4nRT = \frac{kV^4}{nR}T=nRkV4​

    So, V4∝TV^4 \propto TV4∝T and therefore V=(nRTk)1/4V = \left(\frac{nRT}{k}\right)^{1/4}V=(knRT​)1/4

  3. Expression for work done

    Work done is W=∫V1V2P dVW = \int_{V_1}^{V_2} P\,dVW=∫V1​V2​​PdV

    Using P=kV3P = kV^3P=kV3, W=∫V1V2kV3 dVW = \int_{V_1}^{V_2} kV^3\,dVW=∫V1​V2​​kV3dV W=k[V44]V1V2W = k\left[\frac{V^4}{4}\right]_{V_1}^{V_2}W=k[4V4​]V1​V2​​ W=k4(V24−V14)W = \frac{k}{4}(V_2^4 - V_1^4)W=4k​(V24​−V14​)

  4. Replace kV4kV^4kV4 using ideal gas law

    Since kV4=nRTkV^4 = nRTkV4=nRT we get kV14=nRT1,kV24=nRT2kV_1^4 = nRT_1, \qquad kV_2^4 = nRT_2kV14​=nRT1​,kV24​=nRT2​

    Therefore, W=14(nRT2−nRT1)W = \frac{1}{4}(nRT_2 - nRT_1)W=41​(nRT2​−nRT1​) W=nR4(T2−T1)W = \frac{nR}{4}(T_2 - T_1)W=4nR​(T2​−T1​)

  5. Substitute temperatures

    Convert to kelvin: T1=100∘C=373 KT_1 = 100^\circ C = 373\,KT1​=100∘C=373K T2=300∘C=573 KT_2 = 300^\circ C = 573\,KT2​=300∘C=573K

    So, ΔT=573−373=200 K\Delta T = 573 - 373 = 200\,KΔT=573−373=200K

    Hence, W=nR4(200)=50 nRW = \frac{nR}{4}(200) = 50\,nRW=4nR​(200)=50nR

  6. Final answer

    The work done is 50 nR\boxed{50\,nR}50nR​

    So the required integer is 50\boxed{50}50​.

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