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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2023 · 10 Apr · Shift 1 · Q39
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  5. /2023 · 10 Apr · Shift 1 · Q39

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2023 · 10 Apr · Shift 1 · Q39

JEE MainMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityNumerical+4 / −1
Let f:(−2,2)→Rf:( - 2,2) \to Rf:(−2,2)→R be defined by f(x)={x[x],−2<x<0(x−1)[x],0≤x≤2f(x) = \left\{ {\begin{matrix} {x[x],} & { - 2 \lt x \lt 0} \\ {(x - 1)[x],} & {0 \le x \le 2} \\ \end{matrix} } \right.f(x)={x[x],(x−1)[x],​−2<x<00≤x≤2​ where [x][x][x] denotes the greatest integer function. If m and n respectively are the number of points in (−2,2)( - 2,2)(−2,2) at which y=∣f(x)∣y = |f(x)|y=∣f(x)∣ is not continuous and not differentiable, then m+nm + nm+n is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 4

  1. Given function

We have

f(x)={x[x],−2<x<0,(x−1)[x],0≤x≤2,f(x)= \begin{cases} x[x], & -2<x<0,\\ (x-1)[x], & 0\le x\le 2, \end{cases}f(x)={x[x],(x−1)[x],​−2<x<0,0≤x≤2,​

where [x][x][x] is the greatest integer function.

We need points in (−2,2)(-2,2)(−2,2) where y=∣f(x)∣y=|f(x)|y=∣f(x)∣ is

  • not continuous: number mmm
  • not differentiable: number nnn

Then find m+nm+nm+n.


  1. First write f(x)f(x)f(x) interval-wise using [x][x][x]

In (−2,2)(-2,2)(−2,2), the integer jumps of [x][x][x] occur at x=−1,0,1x=-1,0,1x=−1,0,1.

For −2<x<0-2<x<0−2<x<0

Here f(x)=x[x]f(x)=x[x]f(x)=x[x].

  • If −2<x<−1-2<x<-1−2<x<−1, then [x]=−2[x]=-2[x]=−2, so f(x)=x(−2)=−2xf(x)=x(-2)=-2xf(x)=x(−2)=−2x
  • If −1≤x<0-1\le x<0−1≤x<0, then [x]=−1[x]=-1[x]=−1, so f(x)=x(−1)=−xf(x)=x(-1)=-xf(x)=x(−1)=−x

For 0≤x≤20\le x\le 20≤x≤2

Here f(x)=(x−1)[x]f(x)=(x-1)[x]f(x)=(x−1)[x].

  • If 0≤x<10\le x<10≤x<1, then [x]=0[x]=0[x]=0, so f(x)=0f(x)=0f(x)=0
  • If 1≤x<21\le x<21≤x<2, then [x]=1[x]=1[x]=1, so f(x)=x−1f(x)=x-1f(x)=x−1

So

f(x)={−2x,−2<x<−1,−x,−1≤x<0,0,0≤x<1,x−1,1≤x<2.f(x)= \begin{cases} -2x, & -2<x<-1,\\ -x, & -1\le x<0,\\ 0, & 0\le x<1,\\ x-1, & 1\le x<2. \end{cases}f(x)=⎩⎨⎧​−2x,−x,0,x−1,​−2<x<−1,−1≤x<0,0≤x<1,1≤x<2.​

Hence

∣f(x)∣={∣−2x∣=−2x,−2<x<−1,∣−x∣=−x,−1≤x<0,0,0≤x<1,∣x−1∣=x−1,1≤x<2.|f(x)|= \begin{cases} |-2x|=-2x, & -2<x<-1,\\ |-x|=-x, & -1\le x<0,\\ 0, & 0\le x<1,\\ |x-1|=x-1, & 1\le x<2. \end{cases}∣f(x)∣=⎩⎨⎧​∣−2x∣=−2x,∣−x∣=−x,0,∣x−1∣=x−1,​−2<x<−1,−1≤x<0,0≤x<1,1≤x<2.​

Since in each interval the expression is already nonnegative, we get

∣f(x)∣={−2x,−2<x<−1,−x,−1≤x<0,0,0≤x<1,x−1,1≤x<2.|f(x)|= \begin{cases} -2x, & -2<x<-1,\\ -x, & -1\le x<0,\\ 0, & 0\le x<1,\\ x-1, & 1\le x<2. \end{cases}∣f(x)∣=⎩⎨⎧​−2x,−x,0,x−1,​−2<x<−1,−1≤x<0,0≤x<1,1≤x<2.​
  1. Check continuity at possible problem points x=−1,0,1x=-1,0,1x=−1,0,1

These are the only possible points where continuity/differentiability may fail.

At x=−1x=-1x=−1

Left limit:

lim⁡x→−1−∣f(x)∣=lim⁡x→−1−(−2x)=2\lim_{x\to -1^-}|f(x)|=\lim_{x\to -1^-}(-2x)=2x→−1−lim​∣f(x)∣=x→−1−lim​(−2x)=2

Right limit:

lim⁡x→−1+∣f(x)∣=lim⁡x→−1+(−x)=1\lim_{x\to -1^+}|f(x)|=\lim_{x\to -1^+}(-x)=1x→−1+lim​∣f(x)∣=x→−1+lim​(−x)=1

Since LHL ≠\ne= RHL, ∣f(x)∣|f(x)|∣f(x)∣ is not continuous at x=−1x=-1x=−1.

At x=0x=0x=0

Left limit:

lim⁡x→0−∣f(x)∣=lim⁡x→0−(−x)=0\lim_{x\to 0^-}|f(x)|=\lim_{x\to 0^-}(-x)=0x→0−lim​∣f(x)∣=x→0−lim​(−x)=0

Right limit:

lim⁡x→0+∣f(x)∣=0\lim_{x\to 0^+}|f(x)|=0x→0+lim​∣f(x)∣=0

Also, ∣f(0)∣=0|f(0)|=0∣f(0)∣=0 So ∣f(x)∣|f(x)|∣f(x)∣ is continuous at x=0x=0x=0.

At x=1x=1x=1

Left limit:

lim⁡x→1−∣f(x)∣=0\lim_{x\to 1^-}|f(x)|=0x→1−lim​∣f(x)∣=0

Right limit:

lim⁡x→1+∣f(x)∣=lim⁡x→1+(x−1)=0\lim_{x\to 1^+}|f(x)|=\lim_{x\to 1^+}(x-1)=0x→1+lim​∣f(x)∣=x→1+lim​(x−1)=0

And ∣f(1)∣=∣0∣=0|f(1)|=|0|=0∣f(1)∣=∣0∣=0 So ∣f(x)∣|f(x)|∣f(x)∣ is continuous at x=1x=1x=1.

Thus the number of discontinuity points is m=1.m=1.m=1.


  1. Check differentiability

A function not continuous at a point cannot be differentiable there. So at x=−1x=-1x=−1, ∣f(x)∣|f(x)|∣f(x)∣ is not differentiable.

Now check the continuous junctions x=0x=0x=0 and x=1x=1x=1.

At x=0x=0x=0

From the left, ∣f(x)∣=−x|f(x)|=-x∣f(x)∣=−x, so left derivative is

ddx(−x)=−1\frac{d}{dx}(-x)=-1dxd​(−x)=−1

From the right, ∣f(x)∣=0|f(x)|=0∣f(x)∣=0, so right derivative is

ddx(0)=0\frac{d}{dx}(0)=0dxd​(0)=0

Since −1≠0-1\ne 0−1=0, ∣f(x)∣|f(x)|∣f(x)∣ is not differentiable at x=0x=0x=0.

At x=1x=1x=1

From the left, ∣f(x)∣=0|f(x)|=0∣f(x)∣=0, so left derivative is 000 From the right, ∣f(x)∣=x−1|f(x)|=x-1∣f(x)∣=x−1, so right derivative is 111 Since 0≠10\ne 10=1, ∣f(x)∣|f(x)|∣f(x)∣ is not differentiable at x=1x=1x=1.

Inside each open interval (−2,−1),(−1,0),(0,1),(1,2)(-2,-1),(-1,0),(0,1),(1,2)(−2,−1),(−1,0),(0,1),(1,2), the function is linear, hence differentiable.

Therefore, the number of non-differentiability points is n=3.n=3.n=3.


  1. Compute required value

m+n=1+3=4m+n=1+3=4m+n=1+3=4

So the required integer is 4\boxed{4}4​


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer = 444.

Our derived answer also is 444, so they agree.

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