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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2023 · 24 Jan · Shift 1 · Q36
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  5. /2023 · 24 Jan · Shift 1 · Q36

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2023 · 24 Jan · Shift 1 · Q36

JEE MainMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityMCQ+4 / −1
Let f(x)={x2sin⁡(1x), xe00, x=0f(x) = \left\{ {\begin{matrix} {{x^2}\sin \left( {{1 \over x}} \right)} & {,\,x e 0} \\ 0 & {,\,x = 0} \\ \end{matrix} } \right.f(x)={x2sin(x1​)0​,xe0,x=0​ Then at x=0x=0x=0
  1. A
    fff is continuous but f′f'f′ is not continuous
  2. B
    fff and f′f'f′ both are continuous
  3. C
    fff is continuous but not differentiable
  4. D
    f′f'f′ is continuous but not differentiable
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Given function
f(x)={x2sin⁡(1x),x≠00,x=0f(x)= \begin{cases} x^2\sin\left(\frac1x\right), & x\ne 0 \\ 0, & x=0 \end{cases}f(x)={x2sin(x1​),0,​x=0x=0​

We need to check at x=0x=0x=0:

  • continuity of fff
  • differentiability of fff
  • continuity of f′f'f′

  1. Check continuity of fff at x=0x=0x=0

We compute

lim⁡x→0x2sin⁡(1x)\lim_{x\to 0} x^2\sin\left(\frac1x\right)x→0lim​x2sin(x1​)

Since

−1≤sin⁡(1x)≤1,-1 \le \sin\left(\frac1x\right) \le 1,−1≤sin(x1​)≤1,

we get

−x2≤x2sin⁡(1x)≤x2.-x^2 \le x^2\sin\left(\frac1x\right) \le x^2.−x2≤x2sin(x1​)≤x2.

As x→0x\to 0x→0,

−x2→0,x2→0.-x^2 \to 0, \qquad x^2 \to 0.−x2→0,x2→0.

So by squeeze theorem,

lim⁡x→0x2sin⁡(1x)=0=f(0).\lim_{x\to 0} x^2\sin\left(\frac1x\right)=0=f(0).x→0lim​x2sin(x1​)=0=f(0).

Hence, fff is continuous at x=0x=0x=0.


  1. Check differentiability of fff at x=0x=0x=0

Using definition,

f′(0)=lim⁡h→0f(h)−f(0)h=lim⁡h→0h2sin⁡(1/h)h=lim⁡h→0hsin⁡(1h).f'(0)=\lim_{h\to 0}\frac{f(h)-f(0)}{h} =\lim_{h\to 0}\frac{h^2\sin(1/h)}{h} =\lim_{h\to 0} h\sin\left(\frac1h\right).f′(0)=h→0lim​hf(h)−f(0)​=h→0lim​hh2sin(1/h)​=h→0lim​hsin(h1​).

Again,

−∣h∣≤hsin⁡(1h)≤∣h∣,-|h| \le h\sin\left(\frac1h\right) \le |h|,−∣h∣≤hsin(h1​)≤∣h∣,

so

lim⁡h→0hsin⁡(1h)=0.\lim_{h\to 0} h\sin\left(\frac1h\right)=0.h→0lim​hsin(h1​)=0.

Thus,

f′(0)=0.f'(0)=0.f′(0)=0.

Hence, fff is differentiable at x=0x=0x=0.


  1. Find f′(x)f'(x)f′(x) for x≠0x\ne 0x=0

For x≠0x\ne 0x=0,

f(x)=x2sin⁡(1x).f(x)=x^2\sin\left(\frac1x\right).f(x)=x2sin(x1​).

Differentiate using product rule:

f′(x)=2xsin⁡(1x)+x2cos⁡(1x)(−1x2).f'(x)=2x\sin\left(\frac1x\right)+x^2\cos\left(\frac1x\right)\left(-\frac1{x^2}\right).f′(x)=2xsin(x1​)+x2cos(x1​)(−x21​).

So,

f′(x)=2xsin⁡(1x)−cos⁡(1x),x≠0.f'(x)=2x\sin\left(\frac1x\right)-\cos\left(\frac1x\right), \qquad x\ne 0.f′(x)=2xsin(x1​)−cos(x1​),x=0.

Also,

f′(0)=0.f'(0)=0.f′(0)=0.

Therefore,

f′(x)={2xsin⁡(1x)−cos⁡(1x),x≠00,x=0f'(x)= \begin{cases} 2x\sin\left(\frac1x\right)-\cos\left(\frac1x\right), & x\ne 0 \\ 0, & x=0 \end{cases}f′(x)={2xsin(x1​)−cos(x1​),0,​x=0x=0​
  1. Check continuity of f′f'f′ at x=0x=0x=0

We examine

lim⁡x→0f′(x)=lim⁡x→0(2xsin⁡(1x)−cos⁡(1x)).\lim_{x\to 0} f'(x)=\lim_{x\to 0}\left(2x\sin\left(\frac1x\right)-\cos\left(\frac1x\right)\right).x→0lim​f′(x)=x→0lim​(2xsin(x1​)−cos(x1​)).

Now,

2xsin⁡(1x)→0,2x\sin\left(\frac1x\right) \to 0,2xsin(x1​)→0,

but

cos⁡(1x)\cos\left(\frac1x\right)cos(x1​)

does not have a limit as x→0x\to 0x→0, because it oscillates between −1-1−1 and 111.

Hence f′(x)f'(x)f′(x) has no limit at 000.

So f′f'f′ is not continuous at x=0x=0x=0.


  1. Conclusion
  • fff is continuous at 000
  • fff is differentiable at 000
  • f′f'f′ is not continuous at 000

Therefore the correct option is:

A: f is continuous but f′ is not continuous\boxed{\text{A: } f \text{ is continuous but } f' \text{ is not continuous}}A: f is continuous but f′ is not continuous​
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