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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2022 · 27 Jul · Shift 2 · Q25
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  5. /2022 · 27 Jul · Shift 2 · Q25

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2022 · 27 Jul · Shift 2 · Q25

JEE MainMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityMCQ+4 / −1
If for peqqeq0\mathrm{p} eq \mathrm{q} eq 0peqqeq0, the function f(x)=p(729+x)7−3729+qx3−9f(x)=\frac{\sqrt[7]{\mathrm{p}(729+x)}-3}{\sqrt[3]{729+\mathrm{q} x}-9}f(x)=3729+qx​−97p(729+x)​−3​ is continuous at x=0x=0x=0, then :
  1. A
    7pq f(0)−1=07 p q \,f(0)-1=07pqf(0)−1=0
  2. B
    63q f(0)−p2=063 q \,f(0)-\mathrm{p}^{2}=063qf(0)−p2=0
  3. C
    21q f(0)−p2=021 q \,f(0)-\mathrm{p}^{2}=021qf(0)−p2=0
  4. D
    7pq f(0)−9=07 p q \,f(0)-9=07pqf(0)−9=0
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Given function
f(x)=p(729+x)7−3729+qx3−9f(x)=\frac{\sqrt[7]{p(729+x)}-3}{\sqrt[3]{729+qx}-9}f(x)=3729+qx​−97p(729+x)​−3​

with p≠0p\neq 0p=0, q≠0q\neq 0q=0, and f(x)f(x)f(x) is continuous at x=0x=0x=0.

For continuity at x=0x=0x=0, the limit as x→0x\to 0x→0 must exist and be finite, and equal to f(0)f(0)f(0).


  1. Check numerator and denominator at x=0x=0x=0

As x→0x\to 0x→0,

  • Numerator →729p7−3\to \sqrt[7]{729p}-3→7729p​−3
  • Denominator →7293−9=9−9=0\to \sqrt[3]{729}-9 = 9-9=0→3729​−9=9−9=0

So for the quotient to have a finite limit, the numerator must also vanish at x=0x=0x=0:

729p7−3=0\sqrt[7]{729p}-3=07729p​−3=0 729p7=3\sqrt[7]{729p}=37729p​=3

Raise both sides to power 777:

729p=37=2187729p=3^7=2187729p=37=2187

Since 729=36729=3^6729=36,

p=3736=3p=\frac{3^7}{3^6}=3p=3637​=3

So continuity forces

p=3.p=3.p=3.
  1. Now compute f(0)f(0)f(0) using the limit

Substitute p=3p=3p=3:

f(x)=3(729+x)7−3729+qx3−9f(x)=\frac{\sqrt[7]{3(729+x)}-3}{\sqrt[3]{729+qx}-9}f(x)=3729+qx​−973(729+x)​−3​

At x=0x=0x=0, this is 0/00/00/0, so use L'Hospital's Rule.

Let

N(x)=(3(729+x))1/7−3,D(x)=(729+qx)1/3−9.N(x)=\big(3(729+x)\big)^{1/7}-3, \qquad D(x)=(729+qx)^{1/3}-9.N(x)=(3(729+x))1/7−3,D(x)=(729+qx)1/3−9.

Then

f(0)=lim⁡x→0N(x)D(x)=lim⁡x→0N′(x)D′(x).f(0)=\lim_{x\to 0}\frac{N(x)}{D(x)}=\lim_{x\to 0}\frac{N'(x)}{D'(x)}.f(0)=x→0lim​D(x)N(x)​=x→0lim​D′(x)N′(x)​.

Differentiate:

N′(x)=17(3(729+x))−6/7⋅3N'(x)=\frac{1}{7}\big(3(729+x)\big)^{-6/7}\cdot 3N′(x)=71​(3(729+x))−6/7⋅3 D′(x)=13(729+qx)−2/3⋅qD'(x)=\frac{1}{3}(729+qx)^{-2/3}\cdot qD′(x)=31​(729+qx)−2/3⋅q

At x=0x=0x=0:

N′(0)=37(2187)−6/7N'(0)=\frac{3}{7}(2187)^{-6/7}N′(0)=73​(2187)−6/7

Since 2187=372187=3^72187=37,

(2187)−6/7=(37)−6/7=3−6=1729(2187)^{-6/7}=(3^7)^{-6/7}=3^{-6}=\frac{1}{729}(2187)−6/7=(37)−6/7=3−6=7291​

Hence

N′(0)=37⋅1729=11701.N'(0)=\frac{3}{7}\cdot \frac{1}{729}=\frac{1}{1701}.N′(0)=73​⋅7291​=17011​.

Also,

D′(0)=q3(729)−2/3D'(0)=\frac{q}{3}(729)^{-2/3}D′(0)=3q​(729)−2/3

Now 729=93729=9^3729=93, so

729−2/3=9−2=181729^{-2/3}=9^{-2}=\frac{1}{81}729−2/3=9−2=811​

Thus

D′(0)=q3⋅181=q243.D'(0)=\frac{q}{3}\cdot \frac{1}{81}=\frac{q}{243}.D′(0)=3q​⋅811​=243q​.

Therefore,

f(0)=1/1701q/243=2431701q=17q.f(0)=\frac{1/1701}{q/243}=\frac{243}{1701q}=\frac{1}{7q}.f(0)=q/2431/1701​=1701q243​=7q1​.

So

f(0)=17q.f(0)=\frac{1}{7q}.f(0)=7q1​.
  1. Test the options

Also recall p=3p=3p=3, so p2=9p^2=9p2=9.

Option A

7pqf(0)−1=7⋅3⋅q⋅17q−1=3−1=2≠07pqf(0)-1 = 7\cdot 3\cdot q\cdot \frac{1}{7q}-1=3-1=2\neq 07pqf(0)−1=7⋅3⋅q⋅7q1​−1=3−1=2=0

False.

Option B

63qf(0)−p2=63q⋅17q−9=9−9=063qf(0)-p^2 = 63q\cdot \frac{1}{7q}-9=9-9=063qf(0)−p2=63q⋅7q1​−9=9−9=0

True.

Option C

21qf(0)−p2=21q⋅17q−9=3−9=−6≠021qf(0)-p^2 = 21q\cdot \frac{1}{7q}-9=3-9=-6\neq 021qf(0)−p2=21q⋅7q1​−9=3−9=−6=0

False.

Option D

7pqf(0)−9=7⋅3⋅q⋅17q−9=3−9=−6≠07pqf(0)-9 = 7\cdot 3\cdot q\cdot \frac{1}{7q}-9=3-9=-6\neq 07pqf(0)−9=7⋅3⋅q⋅7q1​−9=3−9=−6=0

False.


  1. Conclusion

The correct option is:

B\boxed{\text{B}}B​

This matches the stored correct answer.

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