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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2022 · 26 Jun · Shift 2 · Q28
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  5. /2022 · 26 Jun · Shift 2 · Q28

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2022 · 26 Jun · Shift 2 · Q28

JEE MainMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityMCQ+4 / −1
Let f(x) = min {1, 1 + x sin x}, 0 ≤\le≤ x ≤\le≤ 2 π\piπ. If m is the number of points, where f is not differentiable and n is the number of points, where f is not continuous, then the ordered pair (m, n) is equal to
  1. A
    (2, 0)
  2. B
    (1, 0)
  3. C
    (1, 1)
  4. D
    (2, 1)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

Let f(x)=min⁡{1, 1+xsin⁡x},0≤x≤2π.f(x)=\min\{1,\,1+x\sin x\}, \qquad 0\le x\le 2\pi.f(x)=min{1,1+xsinx},0≤x≤2π.

We need:

  1. the number of points where fff is not differentiable,
  2. the number of points where fff is not continuous.

1. Rewrite the function piecewise

We compare the two quantities inside the minimum: 1and1+xsin⁡x.1 \quad \text{and} \quad 1+x\sin x.1and1+xsinx.

Now, 1+xsin⁡x≤1  ⟺  xsin⁡x≤0.1+x\sin x \le 1 \iff x\sin x \le 0.1+xsinx≤1⟺xsinx≤0.

Since x∈[0,2π]x\in[0,2\pi]x∈[0,2π], we have x≥0x\ge 0x≥0. So the sign of xsin⁡xx\sin xxsinx is determined by sin⁡x\sin xsinx (except at x=0x=0x=0, where xsin⁡x=0x\sin x=0xsinx=0).

Thus:

  • when sin⁡x>0\sin x>0sinx>0, we get 1+xsin⁡x>11+x\sin x>11+xsinx>1, so f(x)=1;f(x)=1;f(x)=1;
  • when sin⁡x<0\sin x<0sinx<0, we get 1+xsin⁡x<11+x\sin x<11+xsinx<1, so f(x)=1+xsin⁡x;f(x)=1+x\sin x;f(x)=1+xsinx;
  • when sin⁡x=0\sin x=0sinx=0, both are equal, so f(x)=1.f(x)=1.f(x)=1.

On [0,2π][0,2\pi][0,2π]:

  • sin⁡x>0\sin x>0sinx>0 for x∈(0,π)x\in(0,\pi)x∈(0,π),
  • sin⁡x<0\sin x<0sinx<0 for x∈(π,2π)x\in(\pi,2\pi)x∈(π,2π),
  • sin⁡x=0\sin x=0sinx=0 at x=0,π,2πx=0,\pi,2\pix=0,π,2π.

Hence the piecewise form is

f(x)={1,0≤x≤π,1+xsin⁡x,π≤x≤2π.f(x)= \begin{cases} 1, & 0\le x\le \pi,\\[4pt] 1+x\sin x, & \pi\le x\le 2\pi. \end{cases}f(x)={1,1+xsinx,​0≤x≤π,π≤x≤2π.​

(At x=πx=\pix=π, both formulas give 111.)


2. Check continuity

Each branch is continuous on its interval:

  • 111 is continuous,
  • 1+xsin⁡x1+x\sin x1+xsinx is continuous.

So only the joining point x=πx=\pix=π needs checking.

At x=πx=\pix=π

Left-hand value: f(π−)=1.f(\pi^-)=1.f(π−)=1. Right-hand value: f(π+)=1+πsin⁡π=1.f(\pi^+)=1+\pi\sin\pi=1.f(π+)=1+πsinπ=1. And f(π)=1.f(\pi)=1.f(π)=1.

So fff is continuous at x=πx=\pix=π.

At the endpoints x=0x=0x=0 and x=2πx=2\pix=2π, the function values are well-defined and the one-sided continuity also holds.

Therefore, there are no points of discontinuity.

So, n=0.n=0.n=0.


3. Check differentiability

Possible issue points are where the formula changes, i.e. at x=πx=\pix=π.

For 0<x<π0<x<\pi0<x<π

f(x)=1  ⟹  f′(x)=0.f(x)=1 \implies f'(x)=0.f(x)=1⟹f′(x)=0.

For π<x<2π\pi<x<2\piπ<x<2π

f(x)=1+xsin⁡xf(x)=1+x\sin xf(x)=1+xsinx so f′(x)=sin⁡x+xcos⁡x.f'(x)=\sin x + x\cos x.f′(x)=sinx+xcosx.

At x=πx=\pix=π

Left derivative: f−′(π)=0.f'_-(\pi)=0.f−′​(π)=0.

Right derivative: f+′(π)=sin⁡π+πcos⁡π=0+π(−1)=−π.f'_+(\pi)=\sin\pi+\pi\cos\pi=0+\pi(-1)=-\pi.f+′​(π)=sinπ+πcosπ=0+π(−1)=−π.

Since f−′(π)≠f+′(π),f'_-(\pi)\ne f'_+(\pi),f−′​(π)=f+′​(π), fff is not differentiable at x=πx=\pix=π.

At x=0x=0x=0 and x=2πx=2\pix=2π, differentiability is usually considered only for interior points of the interval; in any case, the only corner/cusp in the domain occurs at x=πx=\pix=π.

Thus, m=1.m=1.m=1.


4. Final ordered pair

(m,n)=(1,0).(m,n)=(1,0).(m,n)=(1,0).

So the correct option is B.


5. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: B

Our derived answer is also B, i.e. (m,n)=(1,0).(m,n)=(1,0).(m,n)=(1,0).

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