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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2024 · 27 Jan · Shift 1 · Q9
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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2024 · 27 Jan · Shift 1 · Q9

JEE MainChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular StructureMCQ+4 / −1
Choose the polar molecule from the following:
  1. A
    CCl4\mathrm{CCl}_4CCl4​
  2. B
    CO2\mathrm{CO}_2CO2​
  3. C
    CH2=CH2\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}_2CH2​=CH2​
  4. D
    CHCl3\mathrm{CHCl}_3CHCl3​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. A molecule is polar if it has a net dipole moment.

    • This depends on:
      1. Presence of polar bonds
      2. Molecular geometry
      3. Whether bond dipoles cancel or not
  2. Check each option:

    A: CCl4\mathrm{CCl}_4CCl4​

    • Geometry: tetrahedral
    • Each C−Cl\mathrm{C-Cl}C−Cl bond is polar.
    • But all four bond dipoles are symmetrically arranged and cancel out.
    • Therefore, net dipole moment =0=0=0.
    • Non-polar

    B: CO2\mathrm{CO}_2CO2​

    • Geometry: linear
    • Each C=O\mathrm{C=O}C=O bond is polar.
    • The two bond dipoles are equal and opposite, so they cancel.
    • Therefore, net dipole moment =0=0=0.
    • Non-polar

    C: CH2=CH2\mathrm{CH_2=CH_2}CH2​=CH2​

    • Ethene is planar and symmetric.
    • The bond dipoles cancel due to symmetry.
    • Therefore, net dipole moment is zero.
    • Non-polar

    D: CHCl3\mathrm{CHCl_3}CHCl3​

    • Geometry around carbon: tetrahedral
    • There are three polar C−Cl\mathrm{C-Cl}C−Cl bonds and one C−H\mathrm{C-H}C−H bond.
    • Because the substituents are not identical, the dipoles do not cancel completely.
    • Hence, the molecule has a net dipole moment.
    • Polar
  3. Conclusion: The polar molecule is: CHCl3\boxed{\mathrm{CHCl_3}}CHCl3​​

  4. Comparison with stored correct answer:

    • Derived answer: DDD
    • Stored correct answer: DDD
    • They match.
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