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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2024 · 27 Jan · Shift 2 · Q26
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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2024 · 27 Jan · Shift 2 · Q26

JEE MainChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular StructureNumerical+4 / −1
The number of non-polar molecules from the following is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​. HF,H2O,SO2,H2,CO2,CH4,NH3,HCl,CHCl3,BF3\mathrm{HF}, \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{SO}_2, \mathrm{H}_2, \mathrm{CO}_2, \mathrm{CH}_4, \mathrm{NH}_3, \mathrm{HCl}, \mathrm{CHCl}_3, \mathrm{BF}_3HF,H2​O,SO2​,H2​,CO2​,CH4​,NH3​,HCl,CHCl3​,BF3​
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 4

  1. A molecule is non-polar if its net dipole moment is zero.

  2. Check each molecule:

    1. HF\mathrm{HF}HF: heteronuclear diatomic molecule, so it is polar.
    2. H2O\mathrm{H_2O}H2​O: bent shape, dipoles do not cancel, so polar.
    3. SO2\mathrm{SO_2}SO2​: bent shape, so polar.
    4. H2\mathrm{H_2}H2​: homonuclear diatomic molecule, so non-polar.
    5. CO2\mathrm{CO_2}CO2​: linear and symmetric, bond dipoles cancel, so non-polar.
    6. CH4\mathrm{CH_4}CH4​: tetrahedral and symmetric, so non-polar.
    7. NH3\mathrm{NH_3}NH3​: trigonal pyramidal, so polar.
    8. HCl\mathrm{HCl}HCl: heteronuclear diatomic molecule, so polar.
    9. CHCl3\mathrm{CHCl_3}CHCl3​: tetrahedral but unsymmetrical (333 Cl and 111 H), so polar.
    10. BF3\mathrm{BF_3}BF3​: trigonal planar and symmetric, bond dipoles cancel, so non-polar.
  3. Therefore, the non-polar molecules are: H2, CO2, CH4, BF3\mathrm{H_2},\ \mathrm{CO_2},\ \mathrm{CH_4},\ \mathrm{BF_3}H2​, CO2​, CH4​, BF3​

  4. Number of non-polar molecules: 444

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