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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2024 · 4 Apr · Shift 2 · Q22
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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2024 · 4 Apr · Shift 2 · Q22

JEE MainChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular StructureNumerical+4 / −1
Number of compounds / species from the following with non-zero dipole moment is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​. BeCl2,BCl3,NF3,XeF4,CCl4,H2O,H2 S,HBr,CO2,H2,HCl\mathrm{BeCl}_2, \mathrm{BCl}_3, \mathrm{NF}_3, \mathrm{XeF}_4, \mathrm{CCl}_4, \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~S}, \mathrm{HBr}, \mathrm{CO}_2, \mathrm{H}_2, \mathrm{HCl}BeCl2​,BCl3​,NF3​,XeF4​,CCl4​,H2​O,H2​ S,HBr,CO2​,H2​,HCl
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 5

  1. Principle used

A species has non-zero dipole moment if the vector sum of all bond dipoles does not cancel due to geometry.

So, we check the shape of each molecule/species.


  1. Examine each compound/species

(i) BeCl2\mathrm{BeCl_2}BeCl2​

  • Shape: linear
  • Two identical Be−Cl\mathrm{Be-Cl}Be−Cl bond dipoles are opposite and cancel.
  • Dipole moment =0=0=0

(ii) BCl3\mathrm{BCl_3}BCl3​

  • Shape: trigonal planar
  • Three identical bond dipoles cancel by symmetry.
  • Dipole moment =0=0=0

(iii) NF3\mathrm{NF_3}NF3​

  • Shape: trigonal pyramidal
  • Because of lone pair on N, geometry is unsymmetrical.
  • Bond dipoles do not cancel.
  • Dipole moment ≠0\neq 0=0

(iv) XeF4\mathrm{XeF_4}XeF4​

  • Shape: square planar
  • Bond dipoles cancel due to symmetry.
  • Dipole moment =0=0=0

(v) CCl4\mathrm{CCl_4}CCl4​

  • Shape: tetrahedral and symmetrical
  • All bond dipoles cancel.
  • Dipole moment =0=0=0

(vi) H2O\mathrm{H_2O}H2​O

  • Shape: bent (V-shaped)
  • Bond dipoles do not cancel.
  • Dipole moment ≠0\neq 0=0

(vii) H2S\mathrm{H_2S}H2​S

  • Shape: bent
  • Bond dipoles do not cancel.
  • Dipole moment ≠0\neq 0=0

(viii) HBr\mathrm{HBr}HBr

  • Heteronuclear diatomic molecule
  • Dipole moment ≠0\neq 0=0

(ix) CO2\mathrm{CO_2}CO2​

  • Shape: linear
  • Two C=O\mathrm{C=O}C=O bond dipoles cancel.
  • Dipole moment =0=0=0

(x) H2\mathrm{H_2}H2​

  • Homonuclear diatomic molecule
  • Dipole moment =0=0=0

(xi) HCl\mathrm{HCl}HCl

  • Heteronuclear diatomic molecule
  • Dipole moment ≠0\neq 0=0

  1. Count species with non-zero dipole moment

Non-zero dipole moment species are:

  • NF3\mathrm{NF_3}NF3​
  • H2O\mathrm{H_2O}H2​O
  • H2S\mathrm{H_2S}H2​S
  • HBr\mathrm{HBr}HBr
  • HCl\mathrm{HCl}HCl

Total number =5=5=5


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer = 555

Our derived answer = 555

So, the answer agrees with the stored correct answer.

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