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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2020 · 7 Jan · Shift 1 · Q13
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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2020 · 7 Jan · Shift 1 · Q13

JEE MainChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular StructureMCQ+4 / −1
The relative strength of interionic/intermolecular forces in decreasing order is :
  1. A
    dipole-dipole >\gt> ion-dipole >\gt> ion-ion
  2. B
    ion-dipole >\gt> dipole-dipole >\gt> ion-ion
  3. C
    ion-dipole >\gt> ion-ion >\gt> dipole-dipole
  4. D
    ion-ion >\gt> ion-dipole >\gt> dipole-dipole
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Identify the types of interactions

    We need the decreasing order of strength among:

    • ion-ion
    • ion-dipole
    • dipole-dipole
  2. Recall the general trend

    The strength of electrostatic interaction depends on the magnitude of charges involved.

    • Ion-ion: attraction between full charges, e.g. Na+\text{Na}^+Na+ and Cl−\text{Cl}^-Cl−
    • Ion-dipole: attraction between a full charge and a partial charge, e.g. Na+\text{Na}^+Na+ with water
    • Dipole-dipole: attraction between partial charges of polar molecules

    Since a full charge-full charge interaction is strongest, then full charge-partial charge, and finally partial charge-partial charge is weakest.

  3. Therefore, decreasing order is

    ion-ion>ion-dipole>dipole-dipole\text{ion-ion} > \text{ion-dipole} > \text{dipole-dipole}ion-ion>ion-dipole>dipole-dipole

  4. Check the options

    • A: dipole-dipole>ion-dipole>ion-ion\text{dipole-dipole} > \text{ion-dipole} > \text{ion-ion}dipole-dipole>ion-dipole>ion-ion ❌ reversed
    • B: ion-dipole>dipole-dipole>ion-ion\text{ion-dipole} > \text{dipole-dipole} > \text{ion-ion}ion-dipole>dipole-dipole>ion-ion ❌ ion-ion should be strongest
    • C: ion-dipole>ion-ion>dipole-dipole\text{ion-dipole} > \text{ion-ion} > \text{dipole-dipole}ion-dipole>ion-ion>dipole-dipole ❌ ion-ion should be stronger than ion-dipole
    • D: ion-ion>ion-dipole>dipole-dipole\text{ion-ion} > \text{ion-dipole} > \text{dipole-dipole}ion-ion>ion-dipole>dipole-dipole ✅ correct
  5. Final Answer

    ion-ion>ion-dipole>dipole-dipole\boxed{\text{ion-ion} > \text{ion-dipole} > \text{dipole-dipole}}ion-ion>ion-dipole>dipole-dipole​

    Hence, the correct option is D.

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