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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2019 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q21
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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2019 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q21

JEE MainChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular StructureMCQ+4 / −1
The ion that has sp3d2 hybridization for the central atom, is :
  1. A
    [ICl2]−[ICl_2]^-[ICl2​]−
  2. B
    [ICl4]−[ICl_4]^-[ICl4​]−
  3. C
    [IF6]−[IF_6]^-[IF6​]−
  4. D
    [BrF2]−[BrF_2]^-[BrF2​]−
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Find the steric number of the central atom

For halogen-centered interhalogen ions, we count:

  • number of bonded atoms around the central atom,
  • number of lone pairs on the central atom.

If the total number of electron pairs around the central atom is 6, the hybridization is sp3d2sp^3d^2sp3d2.


  1. Check each option

Option A: [ICl2]−[ICl_2]^-[ICl2​]−

Let iodine be central.

  • Iodine has 7 valence electrons.
  • Negative charge adds 1 electron.
  • Total on central atom basis: 888 electrons.
  • Two I−ClI-ClI−Cl bonds use 2 electron pairs for bonding.
  • Remaining electrons on iodine give 3 lone pairs.

So around iodine:

  • Bond pairs = 2
  • Lone pairs = 3
  • Total = 555 electron pairs

Hence hybridization is sp3dsp^3dsp3d.

So, A is not correct.


Option B: [ICl4]−[ICl_4]^-[ICl4​]−

Again iodine is central.

  • Iodine has 7 valence electrons.
  • Negative charge adds 1 electron.
  • Total = 888 electrons.
  • Four I−ClI-ClI−Cl bonds are formed.
  • Remaining electrons on iodine = 2 electrons = 1 lone pair.

So around iodine:

  • Bond pairs = 4
  • Lone pairs = 2
  • Total = 666 electron pairs

Thus the electron pair geometry is octahedral and the hybridization is: sp3d2sp^3d^2sp3d2

So, B is correct.


Option C: [IF6]−[IF_6]^-[IF6​]−

Iodine is central.

  • Iodine has 7 valence electrons.
  • Negative charge adds 1 electron.
  • Total = 888 electrons.
  • Six I−FI-FI−F bonds are formed.
  • Remaining electrons on iodine = 1 lone pair? Let us check carefully using steric number formula.

Steric number can be found as: V+M−C+A2\frac{V + M - C + A}{2}2V+M−C+A​ where

  • V=7V=7V=7 for iodine,
  • M=6M=6M=6 monovalent atoms,
  • C=1C=1C=1 for negative charge.

So, SN=7+6+12=7\text{SN} = \frac{7+6+1}{2} = 7SN=27+6+1​=7 Thus there are 7 electron pairs around iodine:

  • 6 bond pairs
  • 1 lone pair

Hence hybridization is sp3d3sp^3d^3sp3d3, not sp3d2sp^3d^2sp3d2.

So, C is not correct.


Option D: [BrF2]−[BrF_2]^-[BrF2​]−

Bromine is central.

  • Bromine has 7 valence electrons.
  • Negative charge adds 1 electron.
  • Total = 888 electrons.
  • Two Br−FBr-FBr−F bonds are formed.
  • Remaining electrons on bromine correspond to 3 lone pairs.

So around bromine:

  • Bond pairs = 2
  • Lone pairs = 3
  • Total = 555 electron pairs

Hence hybridization is sp3dsp^3dsp3d.

So, D is not correct.


  1. Final conclusion

Only [ICl4]−[ICl_4]^-[ICl4​]− has 6 electron pairs around the central atom, so it has: sp3d2sp^3d^2sp3d2

Therefore, the correct option is B.

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