JEE MainChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular StructureMCQ+4 / −1
The dipole of , and are in the order :
- A< <
- B= <
- C< <
- D< =
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Correct answer: B
- Identify molecular shapes
All three molecules, , , and , have a central carbon atom with four sigma bonds, so each has approximately tetrahedral geometry.
- Recall how dipole moment depends on symmetry
The molecular dipole moment is the vector sum of all bond dipole moments.
- If a molecule is perfectly symmetrical, bond dipoles cancel.
- If the molecule is unsymmetrical, complete cancellation does not occur.
- Analyze each molecule
(i)
- Tetrahedral and perfectly symmetrical.
- All four bonds are identical.
- Their dipole moments cancel completely.
Hence,
(ii)
- Also tetrahedral and perfectly symmetrical.
- All four bonds are identical.
- Their bond dipoles also cancel completely.
Hence,
(iii)
- Tetrahedral, but not symmetrical like the above two.
- It has three bonds and one bond.
- Since the bonds are not all identical, the dipoles do not cancel completely.
Therefore,
- Compare the three dipole moments
Thus,
- Match with the given options
This corresponds to:
Option B:
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