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Simple Harmonic Motion question

2023 · 31 Jan · Shift 1 · Q59
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  5. /2023 · 31 Jan · Shift 1 · Q59

Simple Harmonic Motion question

2023 · 31 Jan · Shift 1 · Q59

JEE MainPhysicsSimple Harmonic MotionMCQ+4 / −1
The maximum potential energy of a block executing simple harmonic motion is 25 J25 \mathrm{~J}25 J. A is amplitude of oscillation. At A/2\mathrm{A / 2}A/2, the kinetic energy of the block is
  1. A
    9.75 J
  2. B
    37.5 J
  3. C
    18.75 J
  4. D
    12.5 J
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Total energy in SHM

For a block executing simple harmonic motion, the total mechanical energy is constant:

E=12kA2E = \frac{1}{2}kA^2E=21​kA2

The maximum potential energy occurs at the extreme position x=Ax=Ax=A, and it equals the total energy.

Given:

Umax⁡=25 JU_{\max} = 25\,\text{J}Umax​=25J

So,

E=25 JE = 25\,\text{J}E=25J


  1. Potential energy at displacement x=A/2x = A/2x=A/2

In SHM, potential energy at displacement xxx is

U=12kx2U = \frac{1}{2}kx^2U=21​kx2

At x=A/2x = A/2x=A/2,

U=12k(A2)2=12k⋅A24=14(12kA2)U = \frac{1}{2}k\left(\frac{A}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{1}{2}k\cdot \frac{A^2}{4} = \frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2}kA^2\right)U=21​k(2A​)2=21​k⋅4A2​=41​(21​kA2)

But

12kA2=25\frac{1}{2}kA^2 = 2521​kA2=25

Hence,

U=254=6.25 JU = \frac{25}{4} = 6.25\,\text{J}U=425​=6.25J


  1. Kinetic energy at x=A/2x = A/2x=A/2

Since total energy is conserved,

K=E−UK = E - UK=E−U

So,

K=25−6.25=18.75 JK = 25 - 6.25 = 18.75\,\text{J}K=25−6.25=18.75J


  1. Match with options

18.75 J18.75\,\text{J}18.75J corresponds to Option C.


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: C

My derived answer: C

They agree.

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