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Simple Harmonic Motion question

2023 · 11 Apr · Shift 1 · Q57
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  5. /2023 · 11 Apr · Shift 1 · Q57

Simple Harmonic Motion question

2023 · 11 Apr · Shift 1 · Q57

JEE MainPhysicsSimple Harmonic MotionMCQ+4 / −1
The variation of kinetic energy (KE) of a particle executing simple harmonic motion with the displacement (x)(x)(x) starting from mean position to extreme position (A) is given by
  1. A
    JEE Main 2023 (Online) 11th April Morning Shift Physics - Simple Harmonic Motion Question 32 English Option 1
  2. B
    JEE Main 2023 (Online) 11th April Morning Shift Physics - Simple Harmonic Motion Question 32 English Option 2
  3. C
    JEE Main 2023 (Online) 11th April Morning Shift Physics - Simple Harmonic Motion Question 32 English Option 3
  4. D
    JEE Main 2023 (Online) 11th April Morning Shift Physics - Simple Harmonic Motion Question 32 English Option 4
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Expression for kinetic energy in SHM

For a particle executing SHM with amplitude AAA and angular frequency ω\omegaω,

v=ωA2−x2v = \omega\sqrt{A^2-x^2}v=ωA2−x2​

So the kinetic energy is

K=12mv2=12mω2(A2−x2)K = \frac12 mv^2 = \frac12 m\omega^2(A^2-x^2)K=21​mv2=21​mω2(A2−x2)

  1. Relation between KKK and xxx

Thus,

K=12mω2A2−12mω2x2K = \frac12 m\omega^2A^2 - \frac12 m\omega^2x^2K=21​mω2A2−21​mω2x2

This is a quadratic function of xxx opening downward.

So the graph of KKK versus xxx is a downward parabola.

  1. Behavior from mean position to extreme position
  • At mean position, x=0x=0x=0: Kmax⁡=12mω2A2K_{\max} = \frac12 m\omega^2A^2Kmax​=21​mω2A2
  • At extreme position, x=Ax=Ax=A: K=0K=0K=0

So as xxx increases from 000 to AAA, kinetic energy decreases parabolically from maximum value to zero.

  1. Conclusion

Therefore, the correct graph must start from maximum KE at x=0x=0x=0 and decrease as a downward parabola to zero at x=Ax=Ax=A.

Hence the correct option is C.

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