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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2025 · 2 Apr · Shift 2 · Q74
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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2025 · 2 Apr · Shift 2 · Q74

JEE MainPhysicsHeat and ThermodynamicsNumerical+4 / −1
The internal energy of air in 4 m×4 m×3 m4 \mathrm{~m} \times 4 \mathrm{~m} \times 3 \mathrm{~m}4 m×4 m×3 m sized room at 1 atmospheric pressure will be ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​×106 J\times 10^6 \mathrm{~J}×106 J (Consider air as diatomic molecule)
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 12

  1. Given data
  • Room dimensions: 4 m×4 m×3 m4\,\text{m} \times 4\,\text{m} \times 3\,\text{m}4m×4m×3m
  • Volume: V=4×4×3=48 m3V = 4 \times 4 \times 3 = 48\,\text{m}^3V=4×4×3=48m3
  • Pressure: P=1 atm≈1.013×105 PaP = 1\,\text{atm} \approx 1.013 \times 10^5\,\text{Pa}P=1atm≈1.013×105Pa
  • Air is treated as a diatomic ideal gas.
  1. Internal energy formula for diatomic gas

For an ideal gas, U=f2nRTU = \frac{f}{2}nRTU=2f​nRT where fff is the degrees of freedom.

For a diatomic gas at ordinary temperature, f=5f=5f=5. Hence, U=52nRTU = \frac{5}{2}nRTU=25​nRT

Using the ideal gas law, nRT=PVnRT = PVnRT=PV so, U=52PVU = \frac{5}{2}PVU=25​PV

  1. Substitute values

First calculate PVPVPV: PV=(1.013×105)(48)PV = (1.013 \times 10^5)(48)PV=(1.013×105)(48) PV=48.624×105PV = 48.624 \times 10^5PV=48.624×105 PV=4.8624×106 JPV = 4.8624 \times 10^6\,\text{J}PV=4.8624×106J

Now, U=52×4.8624×106U = \frac{5}{2} \times 4.8624 \times 10^6U=25​×4.8624×106 U=2.5×4.8624×106U = 2.5 \times 4.8624 \times 10^6U=2.5×4.8624×106 U=12.156×106 JU = 12.156 \times 10^6\,\text{J}U=12.156×106J

  1. Required integer

The question asks for ‾×106 J\underline{\hspace{2cm}} \times 10^6\,\text{J}​×106J So the coefficient is approximately 12.156≈1212.156 \approx 1212.156≈12

  1. Final answer

U≈12×106 JU \approx 12 \times 10^6\,\text{J}U≈12×106J So the required integer is: 12\boxed{12}12​

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