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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2021 · 24 Feb · Shift 2 · Q65
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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2021 · 24 Feb · Shift 2 · Q65

JEE MainPhysicsHeat and ThermodynamicsNumerical+4 / −1
The root mean square speed of molecules of a given mass of a gas at 27 ∘^\circ∘ C and 1 atmosphere pressure is 200 ms −-− 1. The root mean square speed of molecules of the gas at 127 ∘^\circ∘ C and 2 atmosphere pressure is x3{{x \over {\sqrt 3 }}}3​x​ ms −-− 1. The value of x will be ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 400

  1. The root mean square speed of gas molecules is given by

vrms=3RTMv_{\text{rms}} = \sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M}}vrms​=M3RT​​

So, for a given gas, vrms∝Tv_{\text{rms}} \propto \sqrt{T}vrms​∝T​.

  1. Important point: vrmsv_{\text{rms}}vrms​ depends only on absolute temperature, not on pressure.

  2. Convert temperatures to Kelvin:

  • At 27∘C27^\circ \text{C}27∘C: T1=27+273=300 KT_1 = 27 + 273 = 300\,\text{K}T1​=27+273=300K
  • At 127∘C127^\circ \text{C}127∘C: T2=127+273=400 KT_2 = 127 + 273 = 400\,\text{K}T2​=127+273=400K
  1. Use the proportionality:

v2v1=T2T1=400300=43=23\frac{v_2}{v_1} = \sqrt{\frac{T_2}{T_1}} = \sqrt{\frac{400}{300}} = \sqrt{\frac{4}{3}} = \frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}v1​v2​​=T1​T2​​​=300400​​=34​​=3​2​

Given:

v1=200 m s−1v_1 = 200\,\text{m s}^{-1}v1​=200m s−1

So,

v2=200⋅23=4003 m s−1v_2 = 200 \cdot \frac{2}{\sqrt{3}} = \frac{400}{\sqrt{3}}\,\text{m s}^{-1}v2​=200⋅3​2​=3​400​m s−1

  1. Comparing with the given form

v2=x3 m s−1v_2 = \frac{x}{\sqrt{3}}\,\text{m s}^{-1}v2​=3​x​m s−1

we get

x=400x = 400x=400

Final Answer

400\boxed{400}400​

The derived answer matches the stored correct answer.

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