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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2022 · 24 Jun · Shift 1 · Q39
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  5. /2022 · 24 Jun · Shift 1 · Q39

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2022 · 24 Jun · Shift 1 · Q39

JEE MainMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityNumerical+4 / −1
The number of points where the function f(x)={∣2x2−3x−7∣ifx≤−1[4x2−1]if−1<x<1∣x+1∣+∣x−2∣ifx≥1f(x) = \left\{ \begin{array}{lcl} |2x^2 - 3x - 7| & \text{if} & x \le -1 \\ [4x^2 - 1] & \text{if} & -1 \lt x \lt 1 \\ |x + 1| + |x - 2| & \text{if} & x \ge 1 \end{array} \right.f(x)=⎩⎨⎧​∣2x2−3x−7∣[4x2−1]∣x+1∣+∣x−2∣​ififif​x≤−1−1<x<1x≥1​ where [t][t][t] denotes the greatest integer ≤t\le t≤t, is discontinuous is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 7

  1. We check discontinuities piecewise and also at the boundary points x=−1x=-1x=−1 and x=1x=1x=1.

The function is

f(x)={∣2x2−3x−7∣,x≤−1[4x2−1],−1<x<1∣x+1∣+∣x−2∣,x≥1f(x)= \begin{cases} |2x^2-3x-7|,& x\le -1\\ [4x^2-1],& -1<x<1\\ |x+1|+|x-2|,& x\ge 1 \end{cases}f(x)=⎩⎨⎧​∣2x2−3x−7∣,[4x2−1],∣x+1∣+∣x−2∣,​x≤−1−1<x<1x≥1​

where [t][t][t] is the greatest integer function.


  1. For x≤−1x\le -1x≤−1, consider f(x)=∣2x2−3x−7∣.f(x)=|2x^2-3x-7|.f(x)=∣2x2−3x−7∣. Since 2x2−3x−72x^2-3x-72x2−3x−7 is a polynomial and modulus preserves continuity, this part is continuous for all x≤−1x\le -1x≤−1.

So there is no discontinuity inside (−∞,−1)(-\infty,-1)(−∞,−1).


  1. For −1<x<1-1<x<1−1<x<1, consider f(x)=[4x2−1].f(x)=[4x^2-1].f(x)=[4x2−1]. The greatest integer function [g(x)][g(x)][g(x)] is discontinuous where g(x)g(x)g(x) takes an integer value and actually crosses it.

Let g(x)=4x2−1.g(x)=4x^2-1.g(x)=4x2−1. For −1<x<1-1<x<1−1<x<1, we have −1≤4x2−1<3.-1\le 4x^2-1<3.−1≤4x2−1<3. Possible integer values in this range are −1,0,1,2.-1,0,1,2.−1,0,1,2.

Now solve:

  • 4x2−1=−1⇒4x2=0⇒x=04x^2-1=-1 \Rightarrow 4x^2=0 \Rightarrow x=04x2−1=−1⇒4x2=0⇒x=0
  • 4x2−1=0⇒4x2=1⇒x=±124x^2-1=0 \Rightarrow 4x^2=1 \Rightarrow x=\pm \frac124x2−1=0⇒4x2=1⇒x=±21​
  • 4x2−1=1⇒4x2=2⇒x=±124x^2-1=1 \Rightarrow 4x^2=2 \Rightarrow x=\pm \frac{1}{\sqrt2}4x2−1=1⇒4x2=2⇒x=±2​1​
  • 4x2−1=2⇒4x2=3⇒x=±324x^2-1=2 \Rightarrow 4x^2=3 \Rightarrow x=\pm \frac{\sqrt3}{2}4x2−1=2⇒4x2=3⇒x=±23​​

At these points, check whether discontinuity actually occurs.

  • At x=0x=0x=0, near x=0x=0x=0, we have 4x2−1>−14x^2-1>-14x2−1>−1 for x≠0x\ne 0x=0 and close to 000, so [4x2−1]=[−1+small positive]=−1,[4x^2-1]=[-1+\text{small positive}]=-1,[4x2−1]=[−1+small positive]=−1, and at x=0x=0x=0, [4x2−1]=[−1]=−1[4x^2-1]=[-1]=-1[4x2−1]=[−1]=−1. Hence continuous at x=0x=0x=0.

  • At x=±12x=\pm \frac12x=±21​, g(x)=0g(x)=0g(x)=0. Since crossing an integer 000 occurs, [g(x)][g(x)][g(x)] jumps. So discontinuous at both points.

  • At x=±12x=\pm \frac{1}{\sqrt2}x=±2​1​, g(x)=1g(x)=1g(x)=1. Again a jump occurs. So discontinuous at both points.

  • At x=±32x=\pm \frac{\sqrt3}{2}x=±23​​, g(x)=2g(x)=2g(x)=2. Again a jump occurs. So discontinuous at both points.

Thus in (−1,1)(-1,1)(−1,1), discontinuities occur at x=±12, ±12, ±32x=\pm \frac12,\ \pm \frac1{\sqrt2},\ \pm \frac{\sqrt3}{2}x=±21​, ±2​1​, ±23​​ which gives 6 points.


  1. For x≥1x\ge 1x≥1, consider f(x)=∣x+1∣+∣x−2∣.f(x)=|x+1|+|x-2|.f(x)=∣x+1∣+∣x−2∣. This is continuous for all x≥1x\ge 1x≥1 because sums of modulus functions are continuous.

So there is no discontinuity inside (1,∞)(1,\infty)(1,∞).


  1. Check boundary point x=−1x=-1x=−1.

Value at x=−1x=-1x=−1 comes from first piece: f(−1)=∣2(−1)2−3(−1)−7∣=∣2+3−7∣=∣−2∣=2.f(-1)=|2(-1)^2-3(-1)-7|=|2+3-7|=|-2|=2.f(−1)=∣2(−1)2−3(−1)−7∣=∣2+3−7∣=∣−2∣=2.

Left-hand limit: lim⁡x→−1−∣2x2−3x−7∣=2.\lim_{x\to -1^-}|2x^2-3x-7|=2.limx→−1−​∣2x2−3x−7∣=2.

Right-hand limit from middle piece: lim⁡x→−1+[4x2−1].\lim_{x\to -1^+}[4x^2-1].limx→−1+​[4x2−1]. For x→−1+x\to -1^+x→−1+, x2→1−x^2\to 1^-x2→1−, so 4x2−1→3−,4x^2-1\to 3^-,4x2−1→3−, hence [4x2−1]=2[4x^2-1]=2[4x2−1]=2 for all xxx sufficiently close to −1-1−1 from the right. So lim⁡x→−1+f(x)=2.\lim_{x\to -1^+}f(x)=2.limx→−1+​f(x)=2.

Thus both one-sided limits equal 2=f(−1)2=f(-1)2=f(−1), so fff is continuous at x=−1x=-1x=−1.


  1. Check boundary point x=1x=1x=1.

Value at x=1x=1x=1 comes from third piece: f(1)=∣1+1∣+∣1−2∣=2+1=3.f(1)=|1+1|+|1-2|=2+1=3.f(1)=∣1+1∣+∣1−2∣=2+1=3.

Left-hand limit from middle piece: lim⁡x→1−[4x2−1].\lim_{x\to 1^-}[4x^2-1].limx→1−​[4x2−1]. As x→1−x\to 1^-x→1−, 4x2−1→3−,4x^2-1\to 3^-,4x2−1→3−, so [4x2−1]=2[4x^2-1]=2[4x2−1]=2 near 111 from the left. Therefore lim⁡x→1−f(x)=2.\lim_{x\to 1^-}f(x)=2.limx→1−​f(x)=2.

Right-hand limit from third piece: lim⁡x→1+(∣x+1∣+∣x−2∣)=3.\lim_{x\to 1^+}(|x+1|+|x-2|)=3.limx→1+​(∣x+1∣+∣x−2∣)=3.

Since lim⁡x→1−f(x)=2≠3=lim⁡x→1+f(x),\lim_{x\to 1^-}f(x)=2 \ne 3=\lim_{x\to 1^+}f(x),limx→1−​f(x)=2=3=limx→1+​f(x), fff is discontinuous at x=1x=1x=1.


  1. Total number of discontinuity points:
  • From middle piece: 666
  • At x=−1x=-1x=−1: 000
  • At x=1x=1x=1: 111

Hence total number of discontinuities is 6+1=7.6+1=7.6+1=7.

Therefore, the required integer answer is 7.\boxed{7}.7​.

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