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Definite Integration question

2020 · 6 Sep · Shift 1 · Q24
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  5. /2020 · 6 Sep · Shift 1 · Q24

Definite Integration question

2020 · 6 Sep · Shift 1 · Q24

JEE MainMathematicsDefinite IntegrationMCQ+4 / −1
lim⁡x→1(∫0(x−1)2tcos⁡(t2)dt(x−1)sin⁡(x−1))\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left( {{{\int\limits_0^{{{\left( {x - 1} \right)}^2}} {t\cos \left( {{t^2}} \right)dt} } \over {\left( {x - 1} \right)\sin \left( {x - 1} \right)}}} \right)x→1lim​​(x−1)sin(x−1)0∫(x−1)2​tcos(t2)dt​​
  1. A
    is equal to 0
  2. B
    is equal to 12{1 \over 2}21​
  3. C
    does not exist
  4. D
    is equal to −12- {1 \over 2}−21​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. We need to evaluate
L=lim⁡x→1∫0(x−1)2tcos⁡(t2) dt(x−1)sin⁡(x−1).L=\lim_{x\to 1}\frac{\int_0^{(x-1)^2} t\cos(t^2)\,dt}{(x-1)\sin(x-1)}.L=x→1lim​(x−1)sin(x−1)∫0(x−1)2​tcos(t2)dt​.
  1. First simplify the numerator using substitution.

Let

u=t2  ⟹  dν=2t dt  ⟹  t dt=dν2.u=t^2 \implies d\nu=2t\,dt \implies t\,dt=\frac{d\nu}{2}.u=t2⟹dν=2tdt⟹tdt=2dν​.

When t=0t=0t=0, ν=0\nu=0ν=0; when t=(x−1)2t=(x-1)^2t=(x−1)2,

ν=((x−1)2)2=(x−1)4.\nu=((x-1)^2)^2=(x-1)^4.ν=((x−1)2)2=(x−1)4.

So,

∫0(x−1)2tcos⁡(t2) dt=12∫0(x−1)4cos⁡ν dν=12sin⁡((x−1)4).\int_0^{(x-1)^2} t\cos(t^2)\,dt =\frac12\int_0^{(x-1)^4} \cos \nu\,d\nu =\frac12\sin\big((x-1)^4\big).∫0(x−1)2​tcos(t2)dt=21​∫0(x−1)4​cosνdν=21​sin((x−1)4).

Thus,

L=lim⁡x→112sin⁡((x−1)4)(x−1)sin⁡(x−1)=12lim⁡x→1sin⁡((x−1)4)(x−1)sin⁡(x−1).L=\lim_{x\to 1} \frac{\frac12\sin((x-1)^4)}{(x-1)\sin(x-1)} =\frac12\lim_{x\to 1}\frac{\sin((x-1)^4)}{(x-1)\sin(x-1)}.L=x→1lim​(x−1)sin(x−1)21​sin((x−1)4)​=21​x→1lim​(x−1)sin(x−1)sin((x−1)4)​.
  1. Put h=x−1h=x-1h=x−1. Then as x→1x\to 1x→1, h→0h\to 0h→0. The limit becomes
L=12lim⁡h→0sin⁡(h4)hsin⁡h.L=\frac12\lim_{h\to 0}\frac{\sin(h^4)}{h\sin h}.L=21​h→0lim​hsinhsin(h4)​.
  1. Use the standard small-angle fact:
sin⁡u∼u(u→0).\sin u \sim u \quad (u\to 0).sinu∼u(u→0).

Hence,

sin⁡(h4)∼h4,sin⁡h∼h.\sin(h^4)\sim h^4, \qquad \sin h\sim h.sin(h4)∼h4,sinh∼h.

Therefore,

sin⁡(h4)hsin⁡h∼h4h⋅h=h2.\frac{\sin(h^4)}{h\sin h} \sim \frac{h^4}{h\cdot h}=h^2.hsinhsin(h4)​∼h⋅hh4​=h2.

As h→0h\to 0h→0,

h2→0.h^2\to 0.h2→0.

So,

L=12⋅0=0.L=\frac12\cdot 0=0.L=21​⋅0=0.
  1. Therefore the correct option is:
A: is equal to 0\boxed{\text{A: is equal to }0}A: is equal to 0​
  1. Verification with stored answer:
  • Derived answer: A
  • Stored correct answer: A
  • They agree.
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