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Thermodynamics question

2024 · 4 Apr · Shift 1 · Q24
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Thermodynamics question

2024 · 4 Apr · Shift 1 · Q24

JEE MainChemistryThermodynamicsNumerical+4 / −1
The enthalpy of formation of ethane (C2H6)(\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6)(C2​H6​) from ethylene by addition of hydrogen where the bond-energies of C−H,C−C,C=C,H−H\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{H}, \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{C}=\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{H}-\mathrm{H}C−H,C−C,C=C,H−H are 414 kJ,347 kJ,615 kJ414 \mathrm{~kJ}, 347 \mathrm{~kJ}, 615 \mathrm{~kJ}414 kJ,347 kJ,615 kJ and 435 kJ435 \mathrm{~kJ}435 kJ respectively is −-−‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​kJ\mathrm{kJ}kJ
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 125

  1. Write the reaction

The given reaction is hydrogenation of ethylene to ethane:

C2H4+H2→C2H6\mathrm{C_2H_4 + H_2 \rightarrow C_2H_6}C2​H4​+H2​→C2​H6​

  1. Use bond energies

Enthalpy change using bond energies is:

ΔH=∑(bond energies of bonds broken)−∑(bond energies of bonds formed)\Delta H = \sum (\text{bond energies of bonds broken}) - \sum (\text{bond energies of bonds formed})ΔH=∑(bond energies of bonds broken)−∑(bond energies of bonds formed)

  1. Identify bonds broken and formed

In the reaction:

  • One C=C\mathrm{C=C}C=C bond in ethylene becomes one C−C\mathrm{C-C}C−C bond in ethane.
  • One H−H\mathrm{H-H}H−H bond is broken.
  • Two new C−H\mathrm{C-H}C−H bonds are formed.

So,

Bonds broken:

  • 1×C=C=615 kJ1 \times \mathrm{C=C} = 615\,\text{kJ}1×C=C=615kJ
  • 1×H−H=435 kJ1 \times \mathrm{H-H} = 435\,\text{kJ}1×H−H=435kJ

Total energy of bonds broken:

615+435=1050 kJ615 + 435 = 1050\,\text{kJ}615+435=1050kJ

Bonds formed:

  • 1×C−C=347 kJ1 \times \mathrm{C-C} = 347\,\text{kJ}1×C−C=347kJ
  • 2×C−H=2×414=828 kJ2 \times \mathrm{C-H} = 2 \times 414 = 828\,\text{kJ}2×C−H=2×414=828kJ

Total energy of bonds formed:

347+828=1175 kJ347 + 828 = 1175\,\text{kJ}347+828=1175kJ

  1. Calculate enthalpy change

ΔH=1050−1175=−125 kJ\Delta H = 1050 - 1175 = -125\,\text{kJ}ΔH=1050−1175=−125kJ

  1. Final integer

Since the question asks:

"The enthalpy ... is −__________kJ-\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\mathrm{kJ}−__________kJ"

the required integer is:

125125125

  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer = 125125125

This matches our derived answer.

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