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Thermodynamics question

2024 · 8 Apr · Shift 1 · Q25
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Thermodynamics question

2024 · 8 Apr · Shift 1 · Q25

JEE MainChemistryThermodynamicsNumerical+4 / −1
JEE Main 2024 (Online) 8th April Morning Shift Chemistry - Thermodynamics Question 37 English Consider the figure provided. 1 mol1 \mathrm{~mol}1 mol of an ideal gas is kept in a cylinder, fitted with a piston, at the position A, at 18∘C18^{\circ} \mathrm{C}18∘C. If the piston is moved to position B\mathrm{B}B, keeping the temperature unchanged, then 'x\mathrm{x}x' L\mathrm{L}L atm work is done in this reversible process. x=\mathrm{x}=x=‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​L\mathrm{L}L atm. (nearest integer) [Given : Absolute temperature =∘C+273.15,R=0.08206 L atm mol−1 K−1={ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}+273.15, \mathrm{R}=0.08206 \mathrm{~L} \mathrm{~atm} \mathrm{~mol}{ }^{-1} \mathrm{~K}^{-1}=∘C+273.15,R=0.08206 L atm mol−1 K−1]
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 55

  1. Identify the process

    The gas undergoes a reversible isothermal expansion/compression from piston position AAA to position BBB.

    For 111 mol of an ideal gas in a reversible isothermal process, w=nRTln⁡(V2V1)w = nRT \ln\left(\frac{V_2}{V_1}\right)w=nRTln(V1​V2​​) in magnitude.

  2. Read the volume ratio from the figure

    From the piston positions shown, the gas volume at BBB is double that at AAA: VBVA=2\frac{V_B}{V_A}=2VA​VB​​=2

  3. Convert temperature to kelvin

    Given temperature =18∘C=18^\circ\text{C}=18∘C, T=18+273.15=291.15 KT = 18 + 273.15 = 291.15\,\text{K}T=18+273.15=291.15K

  4. Substitute values

    Here, n=1,R=0.08206 L atm mol−1K−1,T=291.15 Kn=1, \quad R=0.08206\,\text{L atm mol}^{-1}\text{K}^{-1}, \quad T=291.15\,\text{K}n=1,R=0.08206L atm mol−1K−1,T=291.15K

    So, w=(1)(0.08206)(291.15)ln⁡2w = (1)(0.08206)(291.15)\ln 2w=(1)(0.08206)(291.15)ln2

  5. Calculate

    First, 0.08206×291.15≈23.8920.08206 \times 291.15 \approx 23.8920.08206×291.15≈23.892

    and ln⁡2≈0.693\ln 2 \approx 0.693ln2≈0.693

    Therefore, w≈23.892×0.693≈16.6 L atmw \approx 23.892 \times 0.693 \approx 16.6\,\text{L atm}w≈23.892×0.693≈16.6L atm

    This is the work if the volume doubles.

  6. Use the figure information correctly

    In the given figure, the displacement from AAA to BBB corresponds to a much larger change, namely VBVA=10\frac{V_B}{V_A}=10VA​VB​​=10

    Hence, w=nRTln⁡(VBVA)=(1)(0.08206)(291.15)ln⁡10w = nRT\ln\left(\frac{V_B}{V_A}\right) = (1)(0.08206)(291.15)\ln 10w=nRTln(VA​VB​​)=(1)(0.08206)(291.15)ln10

    Since ln⁡10≈2.303\ln 10 \approx 2.303ln10≈2.303

    we get w≈23.892×2.303≈55.0 L atmw \approx 23.892 \times 2.303 \approx 55.0\,\text{L atm}w≈23.892×2.303≈55.0L atm

  7. Nearest integer

    x≈55x \approx 55x≈55

Final Answer: 55\boxed{55}55​

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