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Electrochemistry question

2020 · 3 Sep · Shift 1 · Q11
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Electrochemistry question

2020 · 3 Sep · Shift 1 · Q11

JEE MainChemistryElectrochemistryMCQ+4 / −1
Let CNaClNaClNaCl and CBaSO4BaSO_4BaSO4​ be the conductances (in S) measured for saturated aqueous solutions of NaClNaClNaCl and BaSO4BaSO_4BaSO4​, respectively, at a temperature T. Which of the following is false?
  1. A
    Ionic mobilities of ions from both salts increase with T.
  2. B
    CNaClNaClNaCl(T2) > CNaClNaClNaCl(T1) for T2 > T1
  3. C
    CBaSO4BaSO_4BaSO4​(T2) > CBaSO4BaSO_4BaSO4​(T1) for T2 > T1
  4. D
    CNaClNaClNaCl >> CBaSO4BaSO_4BaSO4​ at a given T
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Use the relation for conductance of a saturated solution

For a solution placed in the same conductivity cell, C=κ×cell constant factor−1C = \kappa \times \text{cell constant factor}^{-1}C=κ×cell constant factor−1 so comparison of measured conductance is equivalent to comparing conductivity κ\kappaκ.

For an electrolyte, κ=∑iciziFui\kappa = \sum_i c_i z_i F u_iκ=∑i​ci​zi​Fui​ Thus conductivity depends on:

  • number of ions in solution / concentration (solubility), and
  • ionic mobilities uiu_iui​.

  1. Analyse NaCl\mathrm{NaCl}NaCl saturated solution

NaCl\mathrm{NaCl}NaCl is highly soluble in water, so its saturated solution has large ionic concentration. Also, with increase in temperature, ionic mobility increases because viscosity of water decreases. Hence conductivity (and therefore measured conductance) of saturated NaCl\mathrm{NaCl}NaCl solution increases with temperature.

So: CNaCl(T2)>CNaCl(T1)for T2>T1C_{\mathrm{NaCl}}(T_2) > C_{\mathrm{NaCl}}(T_1) \quad \text{for } T_2>T_1CNaCl​(T2​)>CNaCl​(T1​)for T2​>T1​ Therefore B is true.


  1. Analyse BaSO4\mathrm{BaSO_4}BaSO4​ saturated solution

BaSO4\mathrm{BaSO_4}BaSO4​ is sparingly soluble, so its saturated solution contains very few ions. Thus its conductance is much smaller than that of saturated NaCl\mathrm{NaCl}NaCl at a given temperature.

However, for a saturated solution, conductivity depends not only on mobility but also on solubility. For BaSO4\mathrm{BaSO_4}BaSO4​, dissolution is generally exothermic, so its solubility decreases with increase in temperature. Although ionic mobilities increase with temperature, the ionic concentration in the saturated solution decreases.

Hence the statement CBaSO4(T2)>CBaSO4(T1)C_{\mathrm{BaSO_4}}(T_2) > C_{\mathrm{BaSO_4}}(T_1)CBaSO4​​(T2​)>CBaSO4​​(T1​) for T2>T1T_2>T_1T2​>T1​ is not necessarily true; in fact for such sparingly soluble salts it can decrease because solubility decreases.

Therefore C is false.


  1. Check option A

Ionic mobility of ions in aqueous solution generally increases with temperature. So for both salts, mobilities of their ions increase with TTT.

Therefore A is true.


  1. Check option D

At a given temperature, saturated NaCl\mathrm{NaCl}NaCl solution has far greater ionic concentration than saturated BaSO4\mathrm{BaSO_4}BaSO4​ solution because:

  • NaCl\mathrm{NaCl}NaCl is highly soluble,
  • BaSO4\mathrm{BaSO_4}BaSO4​ is very sparingly soluble.

So, CNaCl≫CBaSO4C_{\mathrm{NaCl}} \gg C_{\mathrm{BaSO_4}}CNaCl​≫CBaSO4​​ Therefore D is true.


  1. Conclusion

The false statement is: C\boxed{\text{C}}C​

The stored correct answer is D, but that is not correct because D is actually true for saturated solutions at a given temperature.

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