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Coordination Compounds question

2023 · 15 Apr · Shift 1 · Q2
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Coordination Compounds question

2023 · 15 Apr · Shift 1 · Q2

JEE MainChemistryCoordination CompoundsMCQ+4 / −1
The complex with highest magnitude of crystal field splitting energy (Δ0)\left(\Delta_{0}\right)(Δ0​) is :
  1. A
    [Fe(OH2)6]3+\left[\mathrm{Fe}\left(\mathrm{OH}_{2}\right)_{6}\right]^{3+}[Fe(OH2​)6​]3+
  2. B
    [Mn(OH2)6]3+\left[\mathrm{Mn}\left(\mathrm{OH}_{2}\right)_{6}\right]^{3+}[Mn(OH2​)6​]3+
  3. C
    [Cr(OH2)6]3+\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{OH}_{2}\right)_{6}\right]^{3+}[Cr(OH2​)6​]3+
  4. D
    [Ti(OH2)6]3+\left[\mathrm{Ti}\left(\mathrm{OH}_{2}\right)_{6}\right]^{3+}[Ti(OH2​)6​]3+
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Given complexes

All the complexes are octahedral aqua complexes of the type [M(H2O)6]3+[M(H_2O)_6]^{3+}[M(H2​O)6​]3+.

So, the ligand is the same in all cases: H2OH_2OH2​O. Hence, the crystal field splitting energy Δo\Delta_oΔo​ depends mainly on the metal ion.

  1. Rule for comparing Δo\Delta_oΔo​

For a given ligand and same oxidation state, in the first transition series:

  • Δo\Delta_oΔo​ generally increases from left to right across the period.
  • It also increases with increasing effective nuclear charge and decreasing ionic radius.

Thus, among Ti3+,Cr3+,Mn3+,Fe3+\mathrm{Ti}^{3+}, \mathrm{Cr}^{3+}, \mathrm{Mn}^{3+}, \mathrm{Fe}^{3+}Ti3+,Cr3+,Mn3+,Fe3+, we compare their positions in the 3d series.

  1. Identify the metal ions
  • Ti3+:3d1\mathrm{Ti}^{3+} : 3d^1Ti3+:3d1
  • Cr3+:3d3\mathrm{Cr}^{3+} : 3d^3Cr3+:3d3
  • Mn3+:3d4\mathrm{Mn}^{3+} : 3d^4Mn3+:3d4
  • Fe3+:3d5\mathrm{Fe}^{3+} : 3d^5Fe3+:3d5
  1. Special stability of d3d^3d3 octahedral complexes

For octahedral complexes, d3d^3d3 configuration gives:

t2g3eg0t_{2g}^3 e_g^0t2g3​eg0​

This has strong stabilization with no electrons in antibonding ege_geg​ orbitals, and such ions typically show relatively large crystal field splitting among comparable aqua complexes.

Also, standard trends for hexaaqua M3+M^{3+}M3+ ions show:

[Cr(H2O)6]3+[\mathrm{Cr}(H_2O)_6]^{3+}[Cr(H2​O)6​]3+

has the highest Δo\Delta_oΔo​ among the given options.

  1. Check options
  • A: [Fe(H2O)6]3+[\mathrm{Fe}(H_2O)_6]^{3+}[Fe(H2​O)6​]3+ — not highest
  • B: [Mn(H2O)6]3+[\mathrm{Mn}(H_2O)_6]^{3+}[Mn(H2​O)6​]3+ — not highest
  • C: [Cr(H2O)6]3+[\mathrm{Cr}(H_2O)_6]^{3+}[Cr(H2​O)6​]3+ — highest Δo\Delta_oΔo​
  • D: [Ti(H2O)6]3+[\mathrm{Ti}(H_2O)_6]^{3+}[Ti(H2​O)6​]3+ — not highest
  1. Final answer

Therefore, the complex with highest magnitude of crystal field splitting energy is:

[Cr(H2O)6]3+\boxed{[\mathrm{Cr}(H_2O)_6]^{3+}}[Cr(H2​O)6​]3+​

So, Option C is correct.

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