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Coordination Compounds question

2023 · 24 Jan · Shift 2 · Q13
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  5. /2023 · 24 Jan · Shift 2 · Q13

Coordination Compounds question

2023 · 24 Jan · Shift 2 · Q13

JEE MainChemistryCoordination CompoundsMCQ+4 / −1
Which of the following cannot be explained by crystal field theory?
  1. A
    The order of spectrochemical series
  2. B
    Stability of metal complexes
  3. C
    Magnetic properties of transition metal complexes
  4. D
    Colour of metal complexes
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. What crystal field theory (CFT) explains

    Crystal field theory treats ligands as point charges/point dipoles and explains the effect of the ligand field on the splitting of the metal ion's ddd-orbitals.

    Because of this, CFT can successfully explain:

    • Magnetic properties of complexes, by determining the number of unpaired electrons from ddd-orbital splitting.
    • Colour of complexes, through ddd-ddd transitions between split ddd-levels.
    • To some extent, stability of complexes via crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE).

  2. What CFT cannot explain well

    The spectrochemical series is the experimentally observed order of ligands according to the magnitude of crystal field splitting they produce: I−<Br−<Cl−<F−<OH−<H2O<NH3<en<NO2−<CN−<COI^- < Br^- < Cl^- < F^- < OH^- < H_2O < NH_3 < en < NO_2^- < CN^- < COI−<Br−<Cl−<F−<OH−<H2​O<NH3​<en<NO2−​<CN−<CO

    CFT assumes purely electrostatic interaction between ligand and metal ion, so it does not adequately explain why different ligands produce different splitting in this specific order.

    The proper explanation of the spectrochemical series requires considering covalent interaction and orbital overlap, which is done better by ligand field theory / molecular orbital theory.

  3. Option-wise check

    • A: The order of spectrochemical series → Cannot be explained by CFT.
    • B: Stability of metal complexes → CFT can explain this partially through CFSE.
    • C: Magnetic properties of transition metal complexes → Explained by CFT.
    • D: Colour of metal complexes → Explained by CFT.

  4. Final answer

    Therefore, the phenomenon that cannot be explained by crystal field theory is: A\boxed{\text{A}}A​

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