- A
- BBF
- C
- D
View written solutionFree
Correct answer: D
-
We need to identify the species in which all bonds are not equivalent, i.e. the bond lengths are unequal.
-
Let us examine each option using shape and symmetry.
Option A:
- Central atom: Xe
- Total electron pairs around Xe = 6
- Geometry of electron pairs: octahedral
- Lone pairs: 2
- Molecular shape: square planar
In , the four bonds lie in the same square plane and are symmetry-equivalent. So, all bond lengths are equal.
Option B:
- Central atom: B
- Hybridisation:
- Molecular shape: tetrahedral
All four bonds in a tetrahedral ion are equivalent by symmetry. So, all bond lengths are equal.
Option C:
- Central atom: Si
- Hybridisation:
- Molecular shape: tetrahedral
All four bonds are equivalent in a tetrahedral molecule. So, all bond lengths are equal.
Option D:
- Central atom: S
- Total electron pairs around S = 5
- Electron pair geometry: trigonal bipyramidal
- Lone pairs: 1
- Molecular shape: see-saw
In a trigonal bipyramidal arrangement, the lone pair occupies an equatorial position to minimize repulsion. Thus in :
- There are 2 axial bonds
- There are 2 equatorial bonds
Axial and equatorial bonds are not equivalent. Due to greater repulsion on axial bonds, their bond lengths differ from equatorial bond lengths. Hence, has unequal bond lengths.
- Conclusion
The species with unequal bond lengths is:
So, the correct option is D.
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