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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2018 · 16 Apr · Shift 1 · Q18
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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure question

2018 · 16 Apr · Shift 1 · Q18

JEE MainChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular StructureMCQ+4 / −1
Which of the following conversions involves change in both shape and hybridisation ?
  1. A
    NH3NH_3NH3​ →\to→ NH4+NH_4^+NH4+​
  2. B
    CH4CH_4CH4​ →\to→ C2H6C_2H_6C2​H6​
  3. C
    H2OH_2OH2​O →\to→ H3O+H_3O^+H3​O+
  4. D
    BF3BF_3BF3​ →\to→ BF4BF_4BF4​ −-−
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. We need the conversion in which both:
    • shape changes, and
    • hybridisation changes.

So we check each option one by one.


  1. Option A: NH3→NH4+NH_3 \to NH_4^+NH3​→NH4+​
  • In NH3NH_3NH3​:

    • Central atom = N
    • Bond pairs = 3, lone pairs = 1
    • Hybridisation = sp3sp^3sp3
    • Electron pair geometry = tetrahedral
    • Molecular shape = trigonal pyramidal
  • In NH4+NH_4^+NH4+​:

    • Central atom = N
    • Bond pairs = 4, lone pairs = 0
    • Hybridisation = sp3sp^3sp3
    • Shape = tetrahedral

Result: Shape changes, but hybridisation remains sp3sp^3sp3.

So, A is not correct.


  1. Option B: CH4→C2H6CH_4 \to C_2H_6CH4​→C2​H6​
  • In CH4CH_4CH4​:

    • Carbon is sp3sp^3sp3
    • Shape around C = tetrahedral
  • In C2H6C_2H_6C2​H6​:

    • Each carbon is also sp3sp^3sp3
    • Shape around each C = tetrahedral

Result: Neither shape nor hybridisation changes around carbon.

So, B is not correct.


  1. Option C: H2O→H3O+H_2O \to H_3O^+H2​O→H3​O+
  • In H2OH_2OH2​O:

    • Central atom = O
    • Bond pairs = 2, lone pairs = 2
    • Hybridisation = sp3sp^3sp3
    • Shape = bent (V-shaped)
  • In H3O+H_3O^+H3​O+:

    • Central atom = O
    • Bond pairs = 3, lone pairs = 1
    • Hybridisation = sp3sp^3sp3
    • Shape = trigonal pyramidal

Result: Shape changes, but hybridisation remains sp3sp^3sp3.

So, C is not correct.


  1. Option D: BF3→BF4−BF_3 \to BF_4^-BF3​→BF4−​
  • In BF3BF_3BF3​:

    • Central atom = B
    • Bond pairs = 3, lone pairs = 0
    • Hybridisation = sp2sp^2sp2
    • Shape = trigonal planar
  • In BF4−BF_4^-BF4−​:

    • Central atom = B
    • Bond pairs = 4, lone pairs = 0
    • Hybridisation = sp3sp^3sp3
    • Shape = tetrahedral

Result:

  • Shape changes: trigonal planar →\to→ tetrahedral
  • Hybridisation changes: sp2→sp3sp^2 \to sp^3sp2→sp3

So, D is correct.


  1. Final Answer

The conversion involving change in both shape and hybridisation is:

D  :  BF3→BF4−\boxed{D\; :\; BF_3 \to BF_4^-}D:BF3​→BF4−​​


  1. Comparison with stored correct answer

Stored correct answer: D

My derived answer: D

They agree.

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