In an ideal transformer, the turns ratio is . The ratio is equal to (the symbols carry their usual meaning) :
- A
- B
- C
- D
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Correct answer: B
An ideal transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled conductors—the transformer's coils. The primary coil (with $N_P$ turns) is connected to the input voltage ($V_P$), and the secondary coil (with $N_S$ turns) delivers the output voltage ($V_S$).
The relationship between the input (primary) voltage and output (secondary) voltage in a transformer is determined by the ratio of the number of turns in the primary coil to the number of turns in the secondary coil, expressed by the formula:
In this case, the given turns ratio is $$\frac{N_P}{N_S} = \frac{1}{2}$$. To find the correct expression for $\frac{V_S}{V_P}$, we need to invert the given ratio to reflect the relationship with respect to the voltages. This means:
Therefore, substituting into the voltage ratio equation:
This indicates that the secondary voltage ($V_S$) is twice the primary voltage ($V_P$). If we were to express the ratio $V_S:V_P$ based on this, it would be:
Option B $2: 1$
This is the correct answer as it represents that, in accordance with the transformer's turns ratio, the voltage in the secondary coil is twice that in the primary coil.
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