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Wave Optics question

2018 · 15 Apr · Shift 2 · Q50
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Wave Optics question

2018 · 15 Apr · Shift 2 · Q50

JEE MainPhysicsWave OpticsMCQ+4 / −1
A plane polarized light is incident on a polariser with its pass axis aking angle θ\thetaθ with x-axis, as shown in the figure. At four different values of θ, θ\theta ,\,\thetaθ,θ = 8o, 38o, 188o and 218o, the observed intensities are same. What is the angle between the direction of polarization and x-axis ? JEE Main 2018 (Online) 15th April Evening Slot Physics - Wave Optics Question 132 English
  1. A
    98o
  2. B
    128o
  3. C
    203o
  4. D
    45o
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Use Malus' law

For plane polarized light, the intensity after a polarizer is

I=I0cos⁡2(ϕ−θ)I = I_0 \cos^2(\phi - \theta)I=I0​cos2(ϕ−θ)

where:

  • ϕ\phiϕ = angle of polarization of incident light with the xxx-axis,
  • θ\thetaθ = angle of the pass axis of the polarizer with the xxx-axis.

We are told that the observed intensity is the same for

θ=8∘, 38∘, 188∘, 218∘.\theta = 8^\circ,\ 38^\circ,\ 188^\circ,\ 218^\circ.θ=8∘, 38∘, 188∘, 218∘.

So,

cos⁡2(ϕ−8∘)=cos⁡2(ϕ−38∘)=cos⁡2(ϕ−188∘)=cos⁡2(ϕ−218∘).\cos^2(\phi-8^\circ)=\cos^2(\phi-38^\circ)=\cos^2(\phi-188^\circ)=\cos^2(\phi-218^\circ).cos2(ϕ−8∘)=cos2(ϕ−38∘)=cos2(ϕ−188∘)=cos2(ϕ−218∘).

  1. Use periodicity of cos⁡2\cos^2cos2

Since

cos⁡2(x+180∘)=cos⁡2x,\cos^2(x+180^\circ)=\cos^2 x,cos2(x+180∘)=cos2x,

the equalities for 188∘188^\circ188∘ and 218∘218^\circ218∘ are automatically the same as those for 8∘8^\circ8∘ and 38∘38^\circ38∘ respectively. So the essential condition is

cos⁡2(ϕ−8∘)=cos⁡2(ϕ−38∘).\cos^2(\phi-8^\circ)=\cos^2(\phi-38^\circ).cos2(ϕ−8∘)=cos2(ϕ−38∘).

  1. Solve the condition cos⁡2A=cos⁡2B\cos^2 A = \cos^2 Bcos2A=cos2B

This happens when either

A=B+n⋅180∘A = B + n\cdot 180^\circA=B+n⋅180∘

or

A=−B+n⋅180∘.A = -B + n\cdot 180^\circ.A=−B+n⋅180∘.

Here,

A=ϕ−8∘,B=ϕ−38∘.A=\phi-8^\circ, \qquad B=\phi-38^\circ.A=ϕ−8∘,B=ϕ−38∘.

The first case gives

(ϕ−8∘)=(ϕ−38∘)+n⋅180∘(\phi-8^\circ)=(\phi-38^\circ)+n\cdot180^\circ(ϕ−8∘)=(ϕ−38∘)+n⋅180∘ 30∘=n⋅180∘,30^\circ=n\cdot180^\circ,30∘=n⋅180∘, which is impossible.

So use the second case:

(ϕ−8∘)=−(ϕ−38∘)+n⋅180∘(\phi-8^\circ)=-(\phi-38^\circ)+n\cdot180^\circ(ϕ−8∘)=−(ϕ−38∘)+n⋅180∘

ϕ−8∘=−ϕ+38∘+n⋅180∘\phi-8^\circ=-\phi+38^\circ+n\cdot180^\circϕ−8∘=−ϕ+38∘+n⋅180∘

2ϕ=46∘+n⋅180∘2\phi=46^\circ+n\cdot180^\circ2ϕ=46∘+n⋅180∘

ϕ=23∘+n⋅90∘.\phi=23^\circ+n\cdot90^\circ.ϕ=23∘+n⋅90∘.

Thus possible polarization directions are

ϕ=23∘, 113∘, 203∘, 293∘.\phi=23^\circ,\ 113^\circ,\ 203^\circ,\ 293^\circ.ϕ=23∘, 113∘, 203∘, 293∘.

  1. Match with options

Among the given options:

  • 98∘98^\circ98∘ — not possible
  • 128∘128^\circ128∘ — not possible
  • 203∘203^\circ203∘ — possible
  • 45∘45^\circ45∘ — not possible

Therefore, the required angle is

203∘\boxed{203^\circ}203∘​

So the correct option is C.

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