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Wave Optics question

2016 · 9 Apr · Shift 1 · Q56
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Wave Optics question

2016 · 9 Apr · Shift 1 · Q56

JEE MainPhysicsWave OpticsMCQ+4 / −1
In Young’s double slit experiment, the distance between slits and the screen is 1.0 m and monochromatic light of 600 nm is being used. A person standing near the slits is looking at the fringe pattern. When the separation between the slits is varied, the interference pattern disappears for a particular distance d0 between the slits. If the angular resolution of the eye is (160)o({{{1}} \over {60}})^o(601​)o, the value of d0 is close to :
  1. A
    1 mm
  2. B
    2 mm
  3. C
    4 mm
  4. D
    3 mm
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Condition for disappearance of fringes to the eye

    In Young’s double slit experiment, fringe width is β=λDd\beta = \frac{\lambda D}{d}β=dλD​ where:

    • λ=600 nm=600×10−9 m\lambda = 600\text{ nm} = 600\times 10^{-9}\text{ m}λ=600 nm=600×10−9 m
    • D=1.0 mD = 1.0\text{ m}D=1.0 m
    • d=d =d= slit separation

    The person is standing near the slits and observing the fringes on the screen. The fringes will not be resolvable by the eye when the angular separation of adjacent fringes becomes equal to the angular resolution of the eye.

  2. Angular separation of adjacent fringes

    For a person near the slits, the screen is at distance DDD, so angular separation is approximately θ≈βD\theta \approx \frac{\beta}{D}θ≈Dβ​

    Using β=λDd\beta = \frac{\lambda D}{d}β=dλD​, θ≈λD/dD=λd\theta \approx \frac{\lambda D/d}{D} = \frac{\lambda}{d}θ≈DλD/d​=dλ​

  3. Resolution limit of the eye

    Given angular resolution of eye: θmin⁡=(160)∘\theta_{\min} = \left(\frac{1}{60}\right)^\circθmin​=(601​)∘

    Convert into radians: θmin⁡=160⋅π180=π10800≈2.91×10−4 rad\theta_{\min} = \frac{1}{60}\cdot \frac{\pi}{180} = \frac{\pi}{10800} \approx 2.91\times 10^{-4}\text{ rad}θmin​=601​⋅180π​=10800π​≈2.91×10−4 rad

  4. Set limiting condition

    At the limiting slit separation d0d_0d0​, λd0=θmin⁡\frac{\lambda}{d_0} = \theta_{\min}d0​λ​=θmin​

    Hence, d0=λθmin⁡d_0 = \frac{\lambda}{\theta_{\min}}d0​=θmin​λ​

    Substituting values: d0=600×10−92.91×10−4d_0 = \frac{600\times 10^{-9}}{2.91\times 10^{-4}}d0​=2.91×10−4600×10−9​

    d0≈2.06×10−3 md_0 \approx 2.06\times 10^{-3}\text{ m}d0​≈2.06×10−3 m

    d0≈2.06 mmd_0 \approx 2.06\text{ mm}d0​≈2.06 mm

  5. Closest option

    d0≈2 mmd_0 \approx 2\text{ mm}d0​≈2 mm

    So the correct option is B.

  6. Option check

    • A: 1 mm1\text{ mm}1 mm → too small
    • B: 2 mm2\text{ mm}2 mm → correct
    • C: 4 mm4\text{ mm}4 mm → too large
    • D: 3 mm3\text{ mm}3 mm → not as close as B

Final Answer: B: 2 mm2\text{ mm}2 mm

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