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Properties of Matter question

2024 · 9 Apr · Shift 1 · Q85
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Properties of Matter question

2024 · 9 Apr · Shift 1 · Q85

JEE MainPhysicsProperties of MatterNumerical+4 / −1
Two persons pull a wire towards themselves. Each person exerts a force of 200 N200 \mathrm{~N}200 N on the wire. Young's modulus of the material of wire is 1×1011 N m−21 \times 10^{11} \mathrm{~N} \mathrm{~m}^{-2}1×1011 N m−2. Original length of the wire is 2 m2 \mathrm{~m}2 m and the area of cross section is 2 cm22 \mathrm{~cm}^22 cm2. The wire will extend in length by ‾μm\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\mu \mathrm{m}​μm.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 20

  1. Given data
  • Force applied by each person: F=200 NF = 200\,\text{N}F=200N
  • Young's modulus: Y=1×1011 N m−2Y = 1 \times 10^{11}\,\text{N m}^{-2}Y=1×1011N m−2
  • Original length: L=2 mL = 2\,\text{m}L=2m
  • Cross-sectional area: A=2 cm2=2×10−4 m2A = 2\,\text{cm}^2 = 2 \times 10^{-4}\,\text{m}^2A=2cm2=2×10−4m2
  1. Important concept

When two persons pull the wire from opposite ends with equal force 200 N200\,\text{N}200N, the tension in the wire is 200 N200\,\text{N}200N, not 400 N400\,\text{N}400N.

So, the stretching force to be used is:

T=200 NT = 200\,\text{N}T=200N

  1. Formula for extension

The extension of a wire is given by:

ΔL=FLAY\Delta L = \frac{FL}{AY}ΔL=AYFL​

Substitute the values:

ΔL=200×2(2×10−4)(1×1011)\Delta L = \frac{200 \times 2}{(2 \times 10^{-4})(1 \times 10^{11})}ΔL=(2×10−4)(1×1011)200×2​

  1. Calculation

First compute the denominator:

(2×10−4)(1×1011)=2×107(2 \times 10^{-4})(1 \times 10^{11}) = 2 \times 10^7(2×10−4)(1×1011)=2×107

Now,

ΔL=4002×107=2×10−5 m\Delta L = \frac{400}{2 \times 10^7} = 2 \times 10^{-5}\,\text{m}ΔL=2×107400​=2×10−5m

  1. Convert into micrometres

Since,

1 μm=10−6 m1\,\mu\text{m} = 10^{-6}\,\text{m}1μm=10−6m

Therefore,

2×10−5 m=20×10−6 m=20 μm2 \times 10^{-5}\,\text{m} = 20 \times 10^{-6}\,\text{m} = 20\,\mu\text{m}2×10−5m=20×10−6m=20μm

  1. Final answer

The wire extends by:

20 μm\boxed{20\,\mu\text{m}}20μm​

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