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Properties of Matter question

2024 · 29 Jan · Shift 1 · Q72
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Properties of Matter question

2024 · 29 Jan · Shift 1 · Q72

JEE MainPhysicsProperties of MatterMCQ+4 / −1
Given below are two statements: Statement I : If a capillary tube is immersed first in cold water and then in hot water, the height of capillary rise will be smaller in hot water. Statement II : If a capillary tube is immersed first in cold water and then in hot water, the height of capillary rise will be smaller in cold water. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate from the options given below
  1. A
    Both Statement I and Statement II are false
  2. B
    Both Statement I and Statement II are true
  3. C
    Statement I is true but Statement II is false
  4. D
    Statement I is false but Statement II is true
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Formula for capillary rise

For a liquid rising in a capillary tube,

h=2Tcos⁡θρgrh = \frac{2T\cos\theta}{\rho g r}h=ρgr2Tcosθ​

where:

  • TTT = surface tension of the liquid
  • θ\thetaθ = angle of contact
  • ρ\rhoρ = density of the liquid
  • rrr = radius of capillary tube
  • ggg = acceleration due to gravity

For water in a clean glass capillary, θ≈0∘\theta \approx 0^\circθ≈0∘, so

cos⁡θ≈1\cos\theta \approx 1cosθ≈1

Hence,

h∝Tρh \propto \frac{T}{\rho}h∝ρT​

  1. Effect of temperature

When water is heated:

  • Surface tension TTT decreases significantly.
  • Density ρ\rhoρ also decreases slightly.

The decrease in surface tension is the dominant effect, so the ratio Tρ\dfrac{T}{\rho}ρT​ decreases. Therefore, the capillary rise hhh decreases with increase in temperature.

So,

hhot<hcoldh_{\text{hot}} < h_{\text{cold}}hhot​<hcold​

  1. Check Statement I

Statement I says: the height of capillary rise will be smaller in hot water.

This is true.

  1. Check Statement II

Statement II says: the height of capillary rise will be smaller in cold water.

This is the opposite of the correct result, so it is false.

  1. Evaluate options
  • A: Both false — incorrect
  • B: Both true — incorrect
  • C: Statement I true, Statement II false — correct
  • D: Statement I false, Statement II true — incorrect

Therefore, the correct option is

C\boxed{\text{C}}C​

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