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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2025 · 4 Apr · Shift 2 · Q66
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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2025 · 4 Apr · Shift 2 · Q66

JEE MainPhysicsHeat and ThermodynamicsMCQ+4 / −1

Match List - I with List - II.

List - I List - II
(A) Isobaric (I) ΔQ=ΔW\Delta Q=\Delta WΔQ=ΔW
(B) Isochoric (II) ΔQ=ΔU\Delta Q=\Delta UΔQ=ΔU
(C) Adiabatic (III) ΔQ=\Delta Q=ΔQ= zero
(D) Isothermal (IV) ΔQ=ΔU+PΔV\Delta Q=\Delta U+P\Delta VΔQ=ΔU+PΔV

ΔQ=\Delta Q=ΔQ= Heat supplied

ΔW=\Delta W=ΔW= Work done by the system

ΔU=\Delta \mathrm{U}=ΔU= Change in internal energy

P=\mathrm{P}=P= Pressure of the system

ΔV=\Delta \mathrm{V}=ΔV= Change in volume of the system

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

  1. A
    (A)-(IV), (B)-(I), (C)-(III), (D)-(II)
  2. B
    (A)-(IV), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(I)
  3. C
    (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)
  4. D
    (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(III), (D)-(I)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Use the first law of thermodynamics

    ΔQ=ΔU+ΔW\Delta Q = \Delta U + \Delta WΔQ=ΔU+ΔW

    For quasi-static expansion/compression,

    ΔW=P ΔV\Delta W = P\,\Delta VΔW=PΔV

    so for an isobaric process,

    ΔQ=ΔU+PΔV\Delta Q = \Delta U + P\Delta VΔQ=ΔU+PΔV

    Hence,

    (A)  Isobaric→(IV)(A)\; \text{Isobaric} \to (IV)(A)Isobaric→(IV)

  2. Isochoric process

    In an isochoric process, volume is constant, so

    ΔV=0  ⟹  ΔW=PΔV=0\Delta V = 0 \implies \Delta W = P\Delta V = 0ΔV=0⟹ΔW=PΔV=0

    Therefore,

    ΔQ=ΔU\Delta Q = \Delta UΔQ=ΔU

    Hence,

    (B)  Isochoric→(II)(B)\; \text{Isochoric} \to (II)(B)Isochoric→(II)

  3. Adiabatic process

    In an adiabatic process, no heat is exchanged:

    ΔQ=0\Delta Q = 0ΔQ=0

    Hence,

    (C)  Adiabatic→(III)(C)\; \text{Adiabatic} \to (III)(C)Adiabatic→(III)

  4. Isothermal process

    In an isothermal process for an ideal gas, temperature remains constant, so internal energy does not change:

    ΔU=0\Delta U = 0ΔU=0

    Therefore from the first law,

    ΔQ=ΔW\Delta Q = \Delta WΔQ=ΔW

    Hence,

    (D)  Isothermal→(I)(D)\; \text{Isothermal} \to (I)(D)Isothermal→(I)

  5. Final matching

    (A)−(IV), (B)−(II), (C)−(III), (D)−(I)(A)-(IV),\ (B)-(II),\ (C)-(III),\ (D)-(I)(A)−(IV), (B)−(II), (C)−(III), (D)−(I)

    This corresponds to Option B.

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