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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2025 · 7 Apr · Shift 1 · Q71
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  5. /2025 · 7 Apr · Shift 1 · Q71

Heat and Thermodynamics question

2025 · 7 Apr · Shift 1 · Q71

JEE MainPhysicsHeat and ThermodynamicsNumerical+4 / −1
A wire of length 10 cm and diameter 0.5 mm is used in a bulb. The temperature of the wire is 1727∘C1727^{\circ} \mathrm{C}1727∘C and power radiated by the wire is 94.2 W . Its emissivity is x8\frac{x}{8}8x​ where x=x=x=‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​. (Given σ=6.0×10−8 W m−2 K−4,π=3.14\sigma=6.0 \times 10^{-8} \mathrm{~W} \mathrm{~m}^{-2} \mathrm{~K}^{-4}, \pi=3.14σ=6.0×10−8 W m−2 K−4,π=3.14 and assume that the emissivity of wire material is same at all wavelength.)
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 5

  1. Given data
  • Length of wire: l=10 cm=0.1 ml = 10\text{ cm} = 0.1\text{ m}l=10 cm=0.1 m
  • Diameter: d=0.5 mm=5×10−4 md = 0.5\text{ mm} = 5\times 10^{-4}\text{ m}d=0.5 mm=5×10−4 m
  • Radius: r=d2=2.5×10−4 mr = \dfrac{d}{2} = 2.5\times 10^{-4}\text{ m}r=2d​=2.5×10−4 m
  • Temperature: 1727∘C=2000 K1727^\circ\text{C} = 2000\text{ K}1727∘C=2000 K
  • Radiated power: P=94.2 WP = 94.2\text{ W}P=94.2 W
  • Stefan constant: σ=6.0×10−8 W m−2K−4\sigma = 6.0\times 10^{-8}\,\text{W m}^{-2}\text{K}^{-4}σ=6.0×10−8W m−2K−4

We use Stefan's law:

P=eσAT4P = e\sigma A T^4P=eσAT4

where eee is emissivity.


  1. Surface area of the wire

Since the wire is long and thin, radiating area is approximately its curved surface area:

A=2πrlA = 2\pi r lA=2πrl

Substitute values:

A=2×3.14×2.5×10−4×0.1A = 2\times 3.14 \times 2.5\times 10^{-4} \times 0.1A=2×3.14×2.5×10−4×0.1

A=1.57×10−4 m2A = 1.57\times 10^{-4}\,\text{m}^2A=1.57×10−4m2


  1. Compute T4T^4T4

T=2000 KT = 2000\text{ K}T=2000 K

T4=(2000)4=16×1012T^4 = (2000)^4 = 16\times 10^{12}T4=(2000)4=16×1012


  1. Apply Stefan's law

94.2=e×6×10−8×1.57×10−4×16×101294.2 = e \times 6\times 10^{-8} \times 1.57\times 10^{-4} \times 16\times 10^{12}94.2=e×6×10−8×1.57×10−4×16×1012

Now simplify the numerical factor:

6×16=966\times 16 = 966×16=96

So,

94.2=e×1.57×96×10(−8−4+12)94.2 = e \times 1.57 \times 96 \times 10^{(-8-4+12)}94.2=e×1.57×96×10(−8−4+12)

94.2=e×150.7294.2 = e \times 150.7294.2=e×150.72

Therefore,

e=94.2150.72=0.625e = \frac{94.2}{150.72} = 0.625e=150.7294.2​=0.625

e=58e = \frac{5}{8}e=85​

Given emissivity is x8\dfrac{x}{8}8x​, so

x=5x = 5x=5


  1. Final answer

5\boxed{5}5​

The derived answer matches the stored correct answer.

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