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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2020 · 2 Sep · Shift 2 · Q57
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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2020 · 2 Sep · Shift 2 · Q57

JEE MainPhysicsHeat and ThermodynamicsMCQ+4 / −1
An ideal gas in a closed container is slowly heated. As its temperature increases, which of the following statements are true? (A) the mean free path of the molecules decreases. (B) the mean collision time between the molecules decreases. (C) the mean free path remains unchanged. (D) the mean collision time remains unchanged.
  1. A
    (C) and (D)
  2. B
    (A) and (D)
  3. C
    (B) and (C)
  4. D
    (A) and (B)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Given condition: closed container, slowly heated

    Since the gas is in a closed rigid container, we take:

    • number of molecules NNN = constant
    • volume VVV = constant

    Hence, the number density n=NVn = \frac{N}{V}n=VN​ remains constant.

  2. Mean free path

    For an ideal gas, the mean free path is λ=12 πd2n\lambda = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}\,\pi d^2 n}λ=2​πd2n1​ where ddd is molecular diameter and nnn is number density.

    Since ddd is constant and nnn is constant, we get λ=constant\lambda = \text{constant}λ=constant

    So:

    • (A) "mean free path decreases" = false
    • (C) "mean free path remains unchanged" = true
  3. Mean collision time

    Mean collision time is τ=λvˉ\tau = \frac{\lambda}{\bar v}τ=vˉλ​ where vˉ\bar vvˉ is the average molecular speed.

    For an ideal gas, vˉ∝T\bar v \propto \sqrt{T}vˉ∝T​

    As temperature increases, vˉ\bar vvˉ increases. Since λ\lambdaλ remains constant, τ∝1T\tau \propto \frac{1}{\sqrt{T}}τ∝T​1​ so τ\tauτ decreases.

    Thus:

    • (B) "mean collision time decreases" = true
    • (D) "mean collision time remains unchanged" = false
  4. Final evaluation of statements

    The true statements are: (B) and (C)\boxed{(B) \text{ and } (C)}(B) and (C)​

  5. Matching with given options

    Option C corresponds to (B)(B)(B) and (C)(C)(C).

    Therefore, the correct answer is C\boxed{\text{C}}C​

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