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Electromagnetic Induction question

2025 · 28 Jan · Shift 2 · Q75
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Electromagnetic Induction question

2025 · 28 Jan · Shift 2 · Q75

JEE MainPhysicsElectromagnetic InductionNumerical+4 / −1
JEE Main 2025 (Online) 28th January Evening Shift Physics - Electromagnetic Induction Question 5 EnglishA conducting bar moves on two conducting rails as shown in the figure. A constant magnetic field B exists into the page. The bar starts to move from the vertex at time t = 0 with a constant velocity. If the induced EMF is E ∝ tn, then value of n is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 1

  1. Set up the geometry

    Let the two conducting rails make an angle θ\thetaθ at the vertex.
    The conducting bar always connects the two rails and moves away from the vertex with constant speed vvv.

    If the distance of the bar from the vertex along the angle bisector (or equivalently, the characteristic linear distance from the vertex) is xxx, then since the bar moves with constant velocity, x=vtx = vtx=vt so x∝t.x \propto t.x∝t.

  2. Length of the rod as a function of position

    The separation between the rails increases linearly with distance from the vertex. Therefore, the length of the rod between the rails is ℓ∝x.\ell \propto x.ℓ∝x. Since x∝tx \propto tx∝t, we get ℓ∝t.\ell \propto t.ℓ∝t.

  3. Area enclosed by the circuit

    The loop formed by the two rails and the rod is a triangular sector-like region. Its area is proportional to A∝(base)(height)∝x2.A \propto (\text{base})(\text{height}) \propto x^2.A∝(base)(height)∝x2. More explicitly, for rails inclined at fixed angle θ\thetaθ, A=12ℓx∝x2.A = \frac{1}{2} \ell x \propto x^2.A=21​ℓx∝x2. Since x=vtx = vtx=vt, A∝t2.A \propto t^2.A∝t2.

  4. Magnetic flux

    Magnetic field BBB is constant and perpendicular to the plane, so the flux is Φ=BA∝t2.\Phi = BA \propto t^2.Φ=BA∝t2.

  5. Induced EMF

    By Faraday’s law, E=∣dΦdt∣.\mathcal{E} = \left|\frac{d\Phi}{dt}\right|.E=​dtdΦ​​. Since Φ∝t2\Phi \propto t^2Φ∝t2, E∝t.\mathcal{E} \propto t.E∝t.

    Hence, comparing with E∝tn,\mathcal{E} \propto t^n,E∝tn, we get n=1.n = 1.n=1.

  6. Comparison with stored answer

    Derived answer: 111
    Stored correct answer: 111

    They match.

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