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Alternating Current question

2022 · 30 Jun · Shift 1 · Q64
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Alternating Current question

2022 · 30 Jun · Shift 1 · Q64

JEE MainPhysicsAlternating CurrentNumerical+4 / −1
A series LCR circuit with R=25011 ΩR = {{250} \over {11}}\,\OmegaR=11250​Ω and XL=7011 Ω{X_L} = {{70} \over {11}}\,\OmegaXL​=1170​Ω is connected across a 220 V, 50 Hz supply. The value of capacitance needed to maximize the average power of the circuit will be ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​μ\muμ F. (Take : π=227\pi = {{22} \over 7}π=722​)
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 500

  1. Condition for maximum average power in a series LCR circuit

For a series LCR circuit, the average power is P=VIcos⁡ϕ=I2RP = VI\cos\phi = I^2RP=VIcosϕ=I2R and it becomes maximum when the impedance is minimum.

In a series LCR circuit, Z=R2+(XL−XC)2Z = \sqrt{R^2 + (X_L - X_C)^2}Z=R2+(XL​−XC​)2​ This is minimum when XL=XCX_L = X_CXL​=XC​ So, for maximum average power, the circuit must be in resonance.


  1. Use the resonance condition

Given: XL=7011 ΩX_L = \frac{70}{11}\,\OmegaXL​=1170​Ω At resonance, XC=XL=7011 ΩX_C = X_L = \frac{70}{11}\,\OmegaXC​=XL​=1170​Ω

Also, XC=1ωCX_C = \frac{1}{\omega C}XC​=ωC1​ where ω=2πf\omega = 2\pi fω=2πf

Given: f=50 Hz,π=227f = 50\,\text{Hz}, \quad \pi = \frac{22}{7}f=50Hz,π=722​ So, ω=2×227×50=22007 rad/s\omega = 2\times \frac{22}{7} \times 50 = \frac{2200}{7}\,\text{rad/s}ω=2×722​×50=72200​rad/s


  1. Calculate capacitance

Using XC=1ωCX_C = \frac{1}{\omega C}XC​=ωC1​ we get C=1ωXCC = \frac{1}{\omega X_C}C=ωXC​1​

Substitute values: C=1(22007)(7011)C = \frac{1}{\left(\frac{2200}{7}\right)\left(\frac{70}{11}\right)}C=(72200​)(1170​)1​

Now simplify: (22007)(7011)=2200×707×11\left(\frac{2200}{7}\right)\left(\frac{70}{11}\right)= \frac{2200\times 70}{7\times 11}(72200​)(1170​)=7×112200×70​

=2200×1011=2000= \frac{2200\times 10}{11} = 2000=112200×10​=2000

Thus, C=12000 FC = \frac{1}{2000}\,\text{F}C=20001​F

Convert into microfarads: 12000 F=5×10−4 F\frac{1}{2000}\,\text{F} = 5\times 10^{-4}\,\text{F}20001​F=5×10−4F

Since 1 μF=10−6 F1\,\mu\text{F} = 10^{-6}\,\text{F}1μF=10−6F

C=5×10−4×106=500 μFC = 5\times 10^{-4} \times 10^6 = 500\,\mu\text{F}C=5×10−4×106=500μF


  1. Final answer

500\boxed{500}500​

The derived answer matches the stored correct answer.

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