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Probability question

2025 · 23 Jan · Shift 1 · Q32
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Probability question

2025 · 23 Jan · Shift 1 · Q32

JEE MainMathematicsProbabilityMCQ+4 / −1
One die has two faces marked 1 , two faces marked 2 , one face marked 3 and one face marked 4 . Another die has one face marked 1 , two faces marked 2 , two faces marked 3 and one face marked 4. The probability of getting the sum of numbers to be 4 or 5 , when both the dice are thrown together, is
  1. A
    23\frac{2}{3}32​
  2. B
    35\frac{3}{5}53​
  3. C
    49\frac{4}{9}94​
  4. D
    12\frac{1}{2}21​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Write the face distributions of the two dice

    Let die AAA have faces: 1,1,2,2,3,41,1,2,2,3,41,1,2,2,3,4 So, PA(1)=26=13,PA(2)=26=13,PA(3)=16,PA(4)=16.P_A(1)=\frac{2}{6}=\frac{1}{3},\quad P_A(2)=\frac{2}{6}=\frac{1}{3},\quad P_A(3)=\frac{1}{6},\quad P_A(4)=\frac{1}{6}.PA​(1)=62​=31​,PA​(2)=62​=31​,PA​(3)=61​,PA​(4)=61​.

    Let die BBB have faces: 1,2,2,3,3,41,2,2,3,3,41,2,2,3,3,4 So, PB(1)=16,PB(2)=26=13,PB(3)=26=13,PB(4)=16.P_B(1)=\frac{1}{6},\quad P_B(2)=\frac{2}{6}=\frac{1}{3},\quad P_B(3)=\frac{2}{6}=\frac{1}{3},\quad P_B(4)=\frac{1}{6}.PB​(1)=61​,PB​(2)=62​=31​,PB​(3)=62​=31​,PB​(4)=61​.

  2. Total number of equally likely outcomes

    Each die has 666 faces, so total outcomes when thrown together: 6×6=36.6\times 6=36.6×6=36.

  3. Find outcomes giving sum 444

    Sum 444 can occur as:

    • (1,3)(1,3)(1,3)
    • (2,2)(2,2)(2,2)
    • (3,1)(3,1)(3,1)

    Count each using repeated faces:

    • For (1,3)(1,3)(1,3): die AAA has two 111's and die BBB has two 333's 2×2=42\times 2=42×2=4
    • For (2,2)(2,2)(2,2): die AAA has two 222's and die BBB has two 222's 2×2=42\times 2=42×2=4
    • For (3,1)(3,1)(3,1): die AAA has one 333 and die BBB has one 111 1×1=11\times 1=11×1=1

    Hence total ways for sum 444: 4+4+1=9.4+4+1=9.4+4+1=9.

  4. Find outcomes giving sum 555

    Sum 555 can occur as:

    • (1,4)(1,4)(1,4)
    • (2,3)(2,3)(2,3)
    • (3,2)(3,2)(3,2)
    • (4,1)(4,1)(4,1)

    Count each:

    • For (1,4)(1,4)(1,4): die AAA has two 111's and die BBB has one 444 2×1=22\times 1=22×1=2
    • For (2,3)(2,3)(2,3): die AAA has two 222's and die BBB has two 333's 2×2=42\times 2=42×2=4
    • For (3,2)(3,2)(3,2): die AAA has one 333 and die BBB has two 222's 1×2=21\times 2=21×2=2
    • For (4,1)(4,1)(4,1): die AAA has one 444 and die BBB has one 111 1×1=11\times 1=11×1=1

    Hence total ways for sum 555: 2+4+2+1=9.2+4+2+1=9.2+4+2+1=9.

  5. Total favorable outcomes

    9+9=18.9+9=18.9+9=18.

  6. Probability

    P(sum is 4 or 5)=1836=12.P(\text{sum is }4\text{ or }5)=\frac{18}{36}=\frac{1}{2}.P(sum is 4 or 5)=3618​=21​.

  7. Check options

    The correct option is: D 12\boxed{\text{D }\frac{1}{2}}D 21​​

  8. Comparison with stored answer

    Stored correct answer is D, which matches our result.

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