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Probability question

2025 · 28 Jan · Shift 2 · Q36
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  5. /2025 · 28 Jan · Shift 2 · Q36

Probability question

2025 · 28 Jan · Shift 2 · Q36

JEE MainMathematicsProbabilityMCQ+4 / −1
Let S be the set of all the words that can be formed by arranging all the letters of the word GARDEN. From the set S, one word is selected at random. The probability that the selected word will NOT have vowels in alphabetical order is:
  1. A
    14\frac{1}{4}41​
  2. B
    12\frac{1}{2}21​
  3. C
    13\frac{1}{3}31​
  4. D
    23\frac{2}{3}32​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Identify the letters and vowels

The word GARDEN has 6 distinct letters: G,A,R,D,E,NG, A, R, D, E, NG,A,R,D,E,N

So the total number of words formed by arranging all letters is 6!=7206! = 7206!=720

The vowels are: A,EA, EA,E

  1. Interpret “vowels in alphabetical order”

Since the only vowels are AAA and EEE, alphabetical order means: A appears before EA \text{ appears before } EA appears before E

  1. Count arrangements with vowels in alphabetical order

In all permutations of the 6 distinct letters, the relative order of AAA and EEE is equally likely to be:

  • AAA before EEE
  • EEE before AAA

Thus, exactly half of all arrangements have vowels in alphabetical order.

So, #(vowels in alphabetical order)=6!2=7202=360\#(\text{vowels in alphabetical order}) = \frac{6!}{2} = \frac{720}{2} = 360#(vowels in alphabetical order)=26!​=2720​=360

Hence, P(vowels in alphabetical order)=360720=12P(\text{vowels in alphabetical order}) = \frac{360}{720} = \frac{1}{2}P(vowels in alphabetical order)=720360​=21​

  1. Find the required probability

We need the probability that the selected word will NOT have vowels in alphabetical order: 1−12=121 - \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{2}1−21​=21​

  1. Check options

The correct option is: 12\boxed{\frac{1}{2}}21​​ which is Option B.

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