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Probability question

2025 · 22 Jan · Shift 1 · Q37
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Probability question

2025 · 22 Jan · Shift 1 · Q37

JEE MainMathematicsProbabilityMCQ+4 / −1
Two balls are selected at random one by one without replacement from a bag containing 4 white and 6 black balls. If the probability that the first selected ball is black, given that the second selected ball is also black, is mn\frac{m}{n}nm​, where gcd⁡(m,n)=1\operatorname{gcd}(m, n)=1gcd(m,n)=1, then m+nm+nm+n is equal to :
  1. A
    4
  2. B
    14
  3. C
    11
  4. D
    13
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Let

    • AAA = event that the first selected ball is black
    • BBB = event that the second selected ball is black

    We need to find: P(A∣B)=P(A∩B)P(B)P(A\mid B)=\frac{P(A\cap B)}{P(B)}P(A∣B)=P(B)P(A∩B)​

  2. Total balls = 444 white +6+ 6+6 black =10= 10=10.

  3. Compute P(A∩B)P(A\cap B)P(A∩B)

    This means both first and second balls are black.

    P(A∩B)=P(first black and second black)P(A\cap B)=P(\text{first black and second black})P(A∩B)=P(first black and second black) =610⋅59=3090=13=\frac{6}{10}\cdot\frac{5}{9}=\frac{30}{90}=\frac{1}{3}=106​⋅95​=9030​=31​

  4. Compute P(B)P(B)P(B)

    Probability that the second ball is black.

    We can use symmetry: since the balls are drawn randomly, the probability that the second ball is black is the same as the probability that any particular draw is black.

    There are 666 black balls out of 101010, so P(B)=610=35P(B)=\frac{6}{10}=\frac{3}{5}P(B)=106​=53​

    (Alternatively, by total probability: P(B)=610⋅59+410⋅69=13+415=35P(B)=\frac{6}{10}\cdot\frac{5}{9}+\frac{4}{10}\cdot\frac{6}{9}=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{4}{15}=\frac{3}{5}P(B)=106​⋅95​+104​⋅96​=31​+154​=53​)

  5. Now apply conditional probability: P(A∣B)=P(A∩B)P(B)=1335=13⋅53=59P(A\mid B)=\frac{P(A\cap B)}{P(B)}=\frac{\frac{1}{3}}{\frac{3}{5}}=\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{5}{3}=\frac{5}{9}P(A∣B)=P(B)P(A∩B)​=53​31​​=31​⋅35​=95​

  6. Thus, mn=59\frac{m}{n}=\frac{5}{9}nm​=95​ where gcd⁡(5,9)=1\gcd(5,9)=1gcd(5,9)=1.

    So, m+n=5+9=14m+n=5+9=14m+n=5+9=14

  7. Checking options:

    • A: 444
    • B: 141414 ✅
    • C: 111111
    • D: 131313

Therefore, the correct answer is Option B.

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