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Permutations and Combinations question

2024 · 30 Jan · Shift 2 · Q51
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Permutations and Combinations question

2024 · 30 Jan · Shift 2 · Q51

JEE MainMathematicsPermutations and CombinationsNumerical+4 / −1
In an examination of Mathematics paper, there are 20 questions of equal marks and the question paper is divided into three sections : A,BA, BA,B and CCC. A student is required to attempt total 15 questions taking at least 4 questions from each section. If section AAA has 8 questions, section BBB has 6 questions and section CCC has 6 questions, then the total number of ways a student can select 15 questions is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 11376

  1. Let the number of questions selected from sections A,B,CA, B, CA,B,C be a,b,ca,b,ca,b,c respectively.

    Then a+b+c=15a+b+c=15a+b+c=15 with constraints:

    • 4≤a≤84 \le a \le 84≤a≤8
    • 4≤b≤64 \le b \le 64≤b≤6
    • 4≤c≤64 \le c \le 64≤c≤6
  2. Since each section must contribute at least 444 questions, put a=4+x,b=4+y,c=4+za=4+x,\quad b=4+y,\quad c=4+za=4+x,b=4+y,c=4+z where x≥0, y≥0, z≥0.x\ge 0,\ y\ge 0,\ z\ge 0.x≥0, y≥0, z≥0.

    Then x+y+z=15−12=3.x+y+z=15-12=3.x+y+z=15−12=3.

  3. Also, because section sizes are limited:

    • a≤8⇒x≤4a\le 8 \Rightarrow x\le 4a≤8⇒x≤4
    • b≤6⇒y≤2b\le 6 \Rightarrow y\le 2b≤6⇒y≤2
    • c≤6⇒z≤2c\le 6 \Rightarrow z\le 2c≤6⇒z≤2
  4. Now find all nonnegative integer solutions of x+y+z=3x+y+z=3x+y+z=3 satisfying y≤2y\le 2y≤2 and z≤2z\le 2z≤2.

    The possible (x,y,z)(x,y,z)(x,y,z) are: (3,0,0),(2,1,0),(2,0,1),(1,2,0),(1,1,1),(1,0,2),(0,2,1),(0,1,2).(3,0,0), (2,1,0), (2,0,1), (1,2,0), (1,1,1), (1,0,2), (0,2,1), (0,1,2).(3,0,0),(2,1,0),(2,0,1),(1,2,0),(1,1,1),(1,0,2),(0,2,1),(0,1,2).

    Hence corresponding (a,b,c)(a,b,c)(a,b,c) are:

    (7,4,4),(6,5,4),(6,4,5),(5,6,4),(5,5,5),(5,4,6),(4,6,5),(4,5,6).(7,4,4), (6,5,4), (6,4,5), (5,6,4), (5,5,5), (5,4,6), (4,6,5), (4,5,6).(7,4,4),(6,5,4),(6,4,5),(5,6,4),(5,5,5),(5,4,6),(4,6,5),(4,5,6).
  5. For each distribution, count the number of ways:

    • For (7,4,4)(7,4,4)(7,4,4): (87)(64)(64)=8⋅15⋅15=1800\binom{8}{7}\binom{6}{4}\binom{6}{4}=8\cdot 15\cdot 15=1800(78​)(46​)(46​)=8⋅15⋅15=1800

    • For (6,5,4)(6,5,4)(6,5,4): (86)(65)(64)=28⋅6⋅15=2520\binom{8}{6}\binom{6}{5}\binom{6}{4}=28\cdot 6\cdot 15=2520(68​)(56​)(46​)=28⋅6⋅15=2520

    • For (6,4,5)(6,4,5)(6,4,5): (86)(64)(65)=28⋅15⋅6=2520\binom{8}{6}\binom{6}{4}\binom{6}{5}=28\cdot 15\cdot 6=2520(68​)(46​)(56​)=28⋅15⋅6=2520

    • For (5,6,4)(5,6,4)(5,6,4): (85)(66)(64)=56⋅1⋅15=840\binom{8}{5}\binom{6}{6}\binom{6}{4}=56\cdot 1\cdot 15=840(58​)(66​)(46​)=56⋅1⋅15=840

    • For (5,5,5)(5,5,5)(5,5,5): (85)(65)(65)=56⋅6⋅6=2016\binom{8}{5}\binom{6}{5}\binom{6}{5}=56\cdot 6\cdot 6=2016(58​)(56​)(56​)=56⋅6⋅6=2016

    • For (5,4,6)(5,4,6)(5,4,6): (85)(64)(66)=56⋅15⋅1=840\binom{8}{5}\binom{6}{4}\binom{6}{6}=56\cdot 15\cdot 1=840(58​)(46​)(66​)=56⋅15⋅1=840

    • For (4,6,5)(4,6,5)(4,6,5): (84)(66)(65)=70⋅1⋅6=420\binom{8}{4}\binom{6}{6}\binom{6}{5}=70\cdot 1\cdot 6=420(48​)(66​)(56​)=70⋅1⋅6=420

    • For (4,5,6)(4,5,6)(4,5,6): (84)(65)(66)=70⋅6⋅1=420\binom{8}{4}\binom{6}{5}\binom{6}{6}=70\cdot 6\cdot 1=420(48​)(56​)(66​)=70⋅6⋅1=420

  6. Add all these values: 1800+2520+2520+840+2016+840+420+420=11376.1800+2520+2520+840+2016+840+420+420=11376.1800+2520+2520+840+2016+840+420+420=11376.

Therefore, the total number of ways is 11376.\boxed{11376}.11376​.

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