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Permutations and Combinations question

2023 · 1 Feb · Shift 2 · Q46
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  5. /2023 · 1 Feb · Shift 2 · Q46

Permutations and Combinations question

2023 · 1 Feb · Shift 2 · Q46

JEE MainMathematicsPermutations and CombinationsNumerical+4 / −1
The total number of six digit numbers, formed using the digits 4, 5, 9 only and divisible by 6, is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 81

  1. A number is divisible by 666 if and only if it is divisible by both 222 and 333.

  2. The six-digit numbers are formed using only the digits 4,5,94,5,94,5,9.

  3. Condition for divisibility by 222: The last digit must be even. Among 4,5,94,5,94,5,9, only 444 is even.

    So, the last digit is fixed as 444.

  4. Now the first 555 places can each be filled independently using 4,5,94,5,94,5,9. Hence total such six-digit numbers ending in 444: 35=2433^5 = 24335=243

  5. Condition for divisibility by 333: Sum of digits must be divisible by 333.

    Now, 4≡1(mod3),5≡2(mod3),9≡0(mod3)4 \equiv 1 \pmod{3}, \quad 5 \equiv 2 \pmod{3}, \quad 9 \equiv 0 \pmod{3}4≡1(mod3),5≡2(mod3),9≡0(mod3)

    Since the last digit is 444, it contributes 1(mod3)1 \pmod{3}1(mod3). Therefore, the sum of the first five digits must be congruent to 2(mod3)2 \pmod{3}2(mod3).

  6. Let us count 5-digit strings from {4,5,9}\{4,5,9\}{4,5,9} whose digit-sum is 2(mod3)2 \pmod{3}2(mod3).

    Each position contributes residue 1,2,01,2,01,2,0 respectively, and each choice is equally available.

    For strings of length 555, the residues modulo 333 are equally distributed among 0,1,20,1,20,1,2 because:

    • total number of strings is 35=2433^5 = 24335=243,
    • by symmetry (or roots of unity filter), each residue class occurs equally often.

    Hence the number of 5-digit strings with sum congruent to 2(mod3)2 \pmod{3}2(mod3) is 353=81\frac{3^5}{3} = 81335​=81

  7. Therefore, the total number of six-digit numbers divisible by 666 is 818181

  8. Comparison with stored answer: Stored correct answer = 818181. Our derived answer also = 818181.

So the stored answer is correct.

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