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Permutations and Combinations question

2023 · 1 Feb · Shift 1 · Q39
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Permutations and Combinations question

2023 · 1 Feb · Shift 1 · Q39

JEE MainMathematicsPermutations and CombinationsNumerical+4 / −1
The number of 3-digit numbers, that are divisible by either 2 or 3 but not divisible by 7, is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 514

  1. We need to count all 3-digit numbers divisible by either 2 or 3 but not divisible by 7.

A 3-digit number ranges from 100100100 to 999999999.

So total numbers under consideration are in the interval [100,999][100,999][100,999].


  1. First, count 3-digit numbers divisible by 222 or 333.

Let

  • A=A =A= set of 3-digit numbers divisible by 222
  • B=B =B= set of 3-digit numbers divisible by 333

We need ∣A∪B∣|A \cup B|∣A∪B∣.

Using inclusion-exclusion, ∣A∪B∣=∣A∣+∣B∣−∣A∩B∣|A\cup B|=|A|+|B|-|A\cap B|∣A∪B∣=∣A∣+∣B∣−∣A∩B∣

Count ∣A∣|A|∣A∣

3-digit multiples of 222 go from 100100100 to 998998998.

Number of terms: 998−1002+1=8982+1=449+1=450\frac{998-100}{2}+1=\frac{898}{2}+1=449+1=4502998−100​+1=2898​+1=449+1=450

So, ∣A∣=450|A|=450∣A∣=450

Count ∣B∣|B|∣B∣

Smallest 3-digit multiple of 333 is 102102102, largest is 999999999.

Number of terms: 999−1023+1=8973+1=299+1=300\frac{999-102}{3}+1=\frac{897}{3}+1=299+1=3003999−102​+1=3897​+1=299+1=300

So, ∣B∣=300|B|=300∣B∣=300

Count ∣A∩B∣|A\cap B|∣A∩B∣

Numbers divisible by both 222 and 333 are divisible by 666.

Smallest 3-digit multiple of 666 is 102102102, largest is 996996996.

Number of terms: 996−1026+1=8946+1=149+1=150\frac{996-102}{6}+1=\frac{894}{6}+1=149+1=1506996−102​+1=6894​+1=149+1=150

So, ∣A∩B∣=150|A\cap B|=150∣A∩B∣=150

Hence, ∣A∪B∣=450+300−150=600|A\cup B|=450+300-150=600∣A∪B∣=450+300−150=600

So, there are 600600600 three-digit numbers divisible by 222 or 333.


  1. From these, remove those which are also divisible by 777.

So now count 3-digit numbers divisible by (2 or 3)(2 \text{ or } 3)(2 or 3) and divisible by 777.

That means numbers divisible by:

  • 141414 (for divisible by 222 and 777), or
  • 212121 (for divisible by 333 and 777)

Let

  • C=C =C= multiples of 141414 among 3-digit numbers
  • D=D =D= multiples of 212121 among 3-digit numbers

We need ∣C∪D∣|C\cup D|∣C∪D∣.

Again by inclusion-exclusion, ∣C∪D∣=∣C∣+∣D∣−∣C∩D∣|C\cup D|=|C|+|D|-|C\cap D|∣C∪D∣=∣C∣+∣D∣−∣C∩D∣

Count ∣C∣|C|∣C∣

Smallest 3-digit multiple of 141414 is 112112112, largest is 994994994.

Number of terms: 994−11214+1=88214+1=63+1=64\frac{994-112}{14}+1=\frac{882}{14}+1=63+1=6414994−112​+1=14882​+1=63+1=64

So, ∣C∣=64|C|=64∣C∣=64

Count ∣D∣|D|∣D∣

Smallest 3-digit multiple of 212121 is 105105105, largest is 987987987.

Number of terms: 987−10521+1=88221+1=42+1=43\frac{987-105}{21}+1=\frac{882}{21}+1=42+1=4321987−105​+1=21882​+1=42+1=43

So, ∣D∣=43|D|=43∣D∣=43

Count ∣C∩D∣|C\cap D|∣C∩D∣

Numbers divisible by both 141414 and 212121 are divisible by lcm⁡(14,21)=42\operatorname{lcm}(14,21)=42lcm(14,21)=42

Smallest 3-digit multiple of 424242 is 126126126, largest is 966966966.

Number of terms: 966−12642+1=84042+1=20+1=21\frac{966-126}{42}+1=\frac{840}{42}+1=20+1=2142966−126​+1=42840​+1=20+1=21

So, ∣C∩D∣=21|C\cap D|=21∣C∩D∣=21

Thus, ∣C∪D∣=64+43−21=86|C\cup D|=64+43-21=86∣C∪D∣=64+43−21=86

So, among those divisible by 222 or 333, exactly 868686 are also divisible by 777.


  1. Therefore required count is 600−86=514600-86=514600−86=514

  1. Final Answer: 514\boxed{514}514​

  1. Comparison with stored correct answer:

Stored correct answer = 514514514

Our derived answer = 514514514

So the answer agrees with the stored correct answer.

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