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Permutations and Combinations question

2023 · 31 Jan · Shift 1 · Q43
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Permutations and Combinations question

2023 · 31 Jan · Shift 1 · Q43

JEE MainMathematicsPermutations and CombinationsNumerical+4 / −1
Number of 4-digit numbers that are less than or equal to 2800 and either divisible by 3 or by 11 , is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 710

  1. We need to count 4-digit numbers ≤2800\le 2800≤2800 that are divisible by 333 or by 111111.

  2. Since 4-digit numbers start from 100010001000, the required set is: 1000≤n≤28001000 \le n \le 28001000≤n≤2800

We use inclusion-exclusion: N(3 or 11)=N(3)+N(11)−N(33)N(3 \text{ or } 11)=N(3)+N(11)-N(33)N(3 or 11)=N(3)+N(11)−N(33) because numbers divisible by both 333 and 111111 are divisible by lcm(3,11)=33\mathrm{lcm}(3,11)=33lcm(3,11)=33.


Step 1: Count numbers divisible by 3

We want multiples of 333 in [1000,2800][1000,2800][1000,2800].

  • Smallest multiple of 333 greater than or equal to 100010001000: ⌈1000/3⌉=334⇒334⋅3=1002\lceil 1000/3 \rceil = 334 \Rightarrow 334\cdot 3=1002⌈1000/3⌉=334⇒334⋅3=1002
  • Largest multiple of 333 less than or equal to 280028002800: ⌊2800/3⌋=933⇒933⋅3=2799\lfloor 2800/3 \rfloor = 933 \Rightarrow 933\cdot 3=2799⌊2800/3⌋=933⇒933⋅3=2799

So the multiples are: 1002,1005,…,27991002,1005,\dots,27991002,1005,…,2799 Number of terms: 933−334+1=600933-334+1=600933−334+1=600 Hence, N(3)=600N(3)=600N(3)=600


Step 2: Count numbers divisible by 11

We want multiples of 111111 in [1000,2800][1000,2800][1000,2800].

  • Smallest multiple of 111111 greater than or equal to 100010001000: ⌈1000/11⌉=91⇒91⋅11=1001\lceil 1000/11 \rceil = 91 \Rightarrow 91\cdot 11=1001⌈1000/11⌉=91⇒91⋅11=1001
  • Largest multiple of 111111 less than or equal to 280028002800: ⌊2800/11⌋=254⇒254⋅11=2794\lfloor 2800/11 \rfloor = 254 \Rightarrow 254\cdot 11=2794⌊2800/11⌋=254⇒254⋅11=2794

Number of such multiples: 254−91+1=164254-91+1=164254−91+1=164 Hence, N(11)=164N(11)=164N(11)=164


Step 3: Count numbers divisible by both 3 and 11

These are multiples of 333333 in [1000,2800][1000,2800][1000,2800].

  • Smallest multiple of 333333 greater than or equal to 100010001000: ⌈1000/33⌉=31⇒31⋅33=1023\lceil 1000/33 \rceil = 31 \Rightarrow 31\cdot 33=1023⌈1000/33⌉=31⇒31⋅33=1023
  • Largest multiple of 333333 less than or equal to 280028002800: ⌊2800/33⌋=84⇒84⋅33=2772\lfloor 2800/33 \rfloor = 84 \Rightarrow 84\cdot 33=2772⌊2800/33⌋=84⇒84⋅33=2772

Number of such multiples: 84−31+1=5484-31+1=5484−31+1=54 Hence, N(33)=54N(33)=54N(33)=54


Step 4: Apply inclusion-exclusion

N(3 or 11)=N(3)+N(11)−N(33)N(3 \text{ or } 11)=N(3)+N(11)-N(33)N(3 or 11)=N(3)+N(11)−N(33) =600+164−54=600+164-54=600+164−54 =710=710=710


Final Answer

The number of 4-digit numbers less than or equal to 280028002800 and divisible by 333 or 111111 is: 710\boxed{710}710​

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