View written solutionFree
Correct answer: 1528
We need the dictionary rank of the word MANKIND among all permutations of its letters.
The letters are all distinct:
Wait carefully — the word is MANKIND:
So the letters are:
There are two N's.
We now count how many valid words come before "MANKIND" in dictionary order.
1. First letter: M
Available letters:
Letters smaller than are:
If the first letter is any one of these, the remaining letters can be arranged in
ways (because two N's are identical).
So total words before those starting with :
2. Fix first letter M, second letter: A
Now remaining letters:
The second letter in the word is already the smallest among available letters, so no word is contributed here.
Count added:
3. Fix MA, third letter: N
Remaining letters:
Letters smaller than are:
For each such choice, remaining letters can be arranged in
ways.
So contribution:
Running total:
4. Fix MAN, fourth letter: K
Remaining letters:
Letters smaller than are:
For each choice, remaining letters can be arranged in
ways.
So contribution:
Running total:
5. Fix MANK, fifth letter: I
Remaining letters:
Letters smaller than are:
Then remaining letters can be arranged in
ways.
Contribution:
Running total:
6. Fix MANKI, sixth letter: N
Remaining letters:
Letters smaller than are:
Then the remaining letters are , so only
arrangement.
Contribution:
Running total:
7. Fix MANKIN, last letter is D
No further contribution.
Thus, number of words before MANKIND is
Hence its serial number is
Final Answer
Comparison with stored answer
Stored correct answer:
Our derived answer is , so they do not match.
The likely reason the stored answer is incorrect is that it seems to treat the letters as all distinct, but the word MANKIND contains two identical N's, so permutations must be counted using division by where appropriate.
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