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Permutations and Combinations question

2023 · 8 Apr · Shift 1 · Q22
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Permutations and Combinations question

2023 · 8 Apr · Shift 1 · Q22

JEE MainMathematicsPermutations and CombinationsMCQ+4 / −1
The number of arrangements of the letters of the word "INDEPENDENCE" in which all the vowels always occur together is :
  1. A
    16800
  2. B
    14800
  3. C
    18000
  4. D
    33600
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Count repeated letters in INDEPENDENCE

    The word INDEPENDENCE has 12 letters:

    I,N,D,E,P,E,N,D,E,N,C,EI, N, D, E, P, E, N, D, E, N, C, EI,N,D,E,P,E,N,D,E,N,C,E

    Their frequencies are:

    • E=4E = 4E=4
    • N=3N = 3N=3
    • D=2D = 2D=2
    • I=1I = 1I=1
    • P=1P = 1P=1
    • C=1C = 1C=1
  2. Identify vowels and consonants

    Vowels are: I,E,E,E,EI, E, E, E, EI,E,E,E,E So total vowels =5= 5=5.

    Consonants are: N,N,N,D,D,P,CN, N, N, D, D, P, CN,N,N,D,D,P,C So total consonants =7= 7=7.

  3. Treat all vowels as one block

    Since all vowels must always occur together, treat the 5 vowels as a single unit.

    Then we arrange the following 8 units:

    • 1 vowel block
    • N,N,NN, N, NN,N,N
    • D,DD, DD,D
    • PPP
    • CCC

    So the number of arrangements of these 8 units is: 8!3! 2!\frac{8!}{3!\,2!}3!2!8!​

  4. Arrange the vowels within the block

    Inside the vowel block, the letters are: I,E,E,E,EI, E, E, E, EI,E,E,E,E

    Number of distinct arrangements: 5!4!=5\frac{5!}{4!} = 54!5!​=5

  5. Total number of required arrangements

    Therefore, Total=8!3! 2!×5\text{Total} = \frac{8!}{3!\,2!} \times 5Total=3!2!8!​×5

    Compute: 8!3! 2!=403206⋅2=4032012=3360\frac{8!}{3!\,2!} = \frac{40320}{6\cdot 2} = \frac{40320}{12} = 33603!2!8!​=6⋅240320​=1240320​=3360

    Hence, 3360×5=168003360 \times 5 = 168003360×5=16800

  6. Check options

    • A: 168001680016800 ✅
    • B: 148001480014800 ❌
    • C: 180001800018000 ❌
    • D: 336003360033600 ❌

Therefore, the correct answer is: 16800\boxed{16800}16800​

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