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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2024 · 31 Jan · Shift 1 · Q44
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  5. /2024 · 31 Jan · Shift 1 · Q44

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2024 · 31 Jan · Shift 1 · Q44

JEE MainMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityMCQ+4 / −1
Let g(x)g(x)g(x) be a linear function and f(x)={g(x),x≤0(1+x2+x)1x,x>0f(x)=\left\{\begin{array}{cl}g(x) & , x \leq 0 \\ \left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right)^{\frac{1}{x}} & , x\gt 0\end{array}\right.f(x)={g(x)(2+x1+x​)x1​​,x≤0,x>0​, is continuous at x=0x=0x=0. If f′(1)=f(−1)f^{\prime}(1)=f(-1)f′(1)=f(−1), then the value g(3)g(3)g(3) is
  1. A
    log⁡e(49)−1\log _e\left(\frac{4}{9}\right)-1loge​(94​)−1
  2. B
    13log⁡e(49e1/3)\frac{1}{3} \log _e\left(\frac{4}{9 e^{1 / 3}}\right)31​loge​(9e1/34​)
  3. C
    log⁡e(49e1/3)\log _e\left(\frac{4}{9 e^{1 / 3}}\right)loge​(9e1/34​)
  4. D
    13log⁡e(49)+1\frac{1}{3} \log _e\left(\frac{4}{9}\right)+131​loge​(94​)+1
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Given piecewise function
f(x)={g(x),x≤0(1+x2+x)1/x,x>0f(x)= \begin{cases} g(x), & x\le 0 \\ \left(\dfrac{1+x}{2+x}\right)^{1/x}, & x>0 \end{cases}f(x)=⎩⎨⎧​g(x),(2+x1+x​)1/x,​x≤0x>0​

where g(x)g(x)g(x) is linear, and f(x)f(x)f(x) is continuous at x=0x=0x=0.

We also have

f′(1)=f(−1).f'(1)=f(-1).f′(1)=f(−1).

We need to find g(3)g(3)g(3).


  1. Use continuity at x=0x=0x=0 to determine g(0)g(0)g(0)

Since fff is continuous at x=0x=0x=0,

g(0)=lim⁡x→0+(1+x2+x)1/x.g(0)=\lim_{x\to 0^+}\left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right)^{1/x}.g(0)=limx→0+​(2+x1+x​)1/x.

Let

L=lim⁡x→0+(1+x2+x)1/x.L=\lim_{x\to 0^+}\left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right)^{1/x}.L=limx→0+​(2+x1+x​)1/x.

Take logarithm:

ln⁡L=lim⁡x→0+1xln⁡(1+x2+x).\ln L=\lim_{x\to 0^+}\frac{1}{x}\ln\left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right).lnL=limx→0+​x1​ln(2+x1+x​).

Now,

ln⁡(1+x2+x)=ln⁡(1+x)−ln⁡(2+x).\ln\left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right)=\ln(1+x)-\ln(2+x).ln(2+x1+x​)=ln(1+x)−ln(2+x).

As x→0+x\to 0^+x→0+,

ln⁡(1+x)→0,ln⁡(2+x)→ln⁡2.\ln(1+x)\to 0, \qquad \ln(2+x)\to \ln 2.ln(1+x)→0,ln(2+x)→ln2.

Hence

ln⁡(1+x2+x)→−ln⁡2≠0.\ln\left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right)\to -\ln 2 \neq 0.ln(2+x1+x​)→−ln2=0.

Therefore,

1xln⁡(1+x2+x)→−∞,\frac{1}{x}\ln\left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right)\to -\infty,x1​ln(2+x1+x​)→−∞,

so

L=e−∞=0.L=e^{-\infty}=0.L=e−∞=0.

Thus,

g(0)=0.g(0)=0.g(0)=0.

Since g(x)g(x)g(x) is linear, let

g(x)=mx+c.g(x)=mx+c.g(x)=mx+c.

From g(0)=0g(0)=0g(0)=0, we get c=0c=0c=0, so

g(x)=mx.g(x)=mx.g(x)=mx.


  1. Compute f(−1)f(-1)f(−1)

Since −1≤0-1\le 0−1≤0,

f(−1)=g(−1)=−m.f(-1)=g(-1)=-m.f(−1)=g(−1)=−m.


  1. Compute f′(1)f'(1)f′(1) for the right branch

For x>0x>0x>0,

f(x)=(1+x2+x)1/x.f(x)=\left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right)^{1/x}.f(x)=(2+x1+x​)1/x.

Take logarithm:

ln⁡f(x)=1xln⁡(1+x2+x).\ln f(x)=\frac{1}{x}\ln\left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right).lnf(x)=x1​ln(2+x1+x​).

Let

y=f(x),ln⁡y=1xln⁡(1+x2+x).y=f(x), \qquad \ln y=\frac{1}{x}\ln\left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right).y=f(x),lny=x1​ln(2+x1+x​).

Differentiate:

y′y=ddx[1xln⁡(1+x2+x)].\frac{y'}{y}=\frac{d}{dx}\left[\frac{1}{x}\ln\left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right)\right].yy′​=dxd​[x1​ln(2+x1+x​)].

Using product/quotient rule,

y′y=−1x2ln⁡(1+x2+x)+1x⋅ddx[ln⁡(1+x2+x)].\frac{y'}{y}=-\frac{1}{x^2}\ln\left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right)+\frac{1}{x}\cdot \frac{d}{dx}\left[\ln\left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right)\right].yy′​=−x21​ln(2+x1+x​)+x1​⋅dxd​[ln(2+x1+x​)].

Now,

\frac{d}{dx}\ln\left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right)=\frac{1}{1+x}-\frac{1}{2+x}= rac{1}{(1+x)(2+x)}.

So,

y′y=−1x2ln⁡(1+x2+x)+1x(1+x)(2+x).\frac{y'}{y}=-\frac{1}{x^2}\ln\left(\frac{1+x}{2+x}\right)+\frac{1}{x(1+x)(2+x)}.yy′​=−x21​ln(2+x1+x​)+x(1+x)(2+x)1​.

At x=1x=1x=1,

f(1)=(23)1=23.f(1)=\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^1=\frac{2}{3}.f(1)=(32​)1=32​.

Also,

=−ln⁡(23)+16.=-\ln\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)+\frac{1}{6}.=−ln(32​)+61​.

Hence,

f′(1)=23[−ln⁡(23)+16].f'(1)=\frac{2}{3}\left[-\ln\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)+\frac{1}{6}\right].f′(1)=32​[−ln(32​)+61​].

Since −ln⁡(2/3)=ln⁡(3/2)-\ln(2/3)=\ln(3/2)−ln(2/3)=ln(3/2),

f′(1)=23ln⁡(32)+19.f'(1)=\frac{2}{3}\ln\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)+\frac{1}{9}.f′(1)=32​ln(23​)+91​.


  1. Use the condition f′(1)=f(−1)f'(1)=f(-1)f′(1)=f(−1)

Given

f′(1)=f(−1),f'(1)=f(-1),f′(1)=f(−1),

so

23ln⁡(32)+19=−m.\frac{2}{3}\ln\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)+\frac{1}{9}=-m.32​ln(23​)+91​=−m.

Thus,

Since g(x)=mxg(x)=mxg(x)=mx,

g(3)=3m=−2ln⁡(32)−13.g(3)=3m=-2\ln\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)-\frac{1}{3}.g(3)=3m=−2ln(23​)−31​.

Now simplify:

−2ln⁡(32)=ln⁡(23)2=ln⁡(49).-2\ln\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)=\ln\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^2=\ln\left(\frac{4}{9}\right).−2ln(23​)=ln(32​)2=ln(94​).

Therefore,

g(3)=ln⁡(49)−13.g(3)=\ln\left(\frac{4}{9}\right)-\frac{1}{3}.g(3)=ln(94​)−31​.

Also,

ln⁡(49e1/3)=ln⁡(49)−13.\ln\left(\frac{4}{9e^{1/3}}\right)=\ln\left(\frac{4}{9}\right)-\frac{1}{3}.ln(9e1/34​)=ln(94​)−31​.

Hence,

g(3)=ln⁡(49e1/3).g(3)=\ln\left(\frac{4}{9e^{1/3}}\right).g(3)=ln(9e1/34​).


  1. Compare with options

This matches Option C:

ln⁡(49e1/3).\boxed{\ln\left(\frac{4}{9e^{1/3}}\right)}.ln(9e1/34​)​.


  1. Verification with stored answer

Stored correct answer: C.

Our derived answer is also C. So they agree.

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