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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2018 · Shift 0 · Q44
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  5. /2018 · Shift 0 · Q44

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2018 · Shift 0 · Q44

JEE MainMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityMCQ+4 / −1
For each t ∈R\in R∈R, let [t] be the greatest integer less than or equal to t. Then lim⁡x→0+x([1x]+[2x]+.....+[15x])\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {0^ + }} x\left( {\left[ {{1 \over x}} \right] + \left[ {{2 \over x}} \right] + ..... + \left[ {{{15} \over x}} \right]} \right)x→0+lim​x([x1​]+[x2​]+.....+[x15​])
  1. A
    does not exist in R
  2. B
    is equal to 0
  3. C
    is equal to 15
  4. D
    is equal to 120
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. We need to evaluate L=lim⁡x→0+x([1x]+[2x]+⋯+[15x]).L=\lim_{x\to 0^+}x\left(\left[\frac1x\right]+\left[\frac2x\right]+\cdots+\left[\frac{15}{x}\right]\right).L=limx→0+​x([x1​]+[x2​]+⋯+[x15​]).

  2. Use the basic property of greatest integer function: y−1<[y]≤y.y-1<[y]\le y.y−1<[y]≤y. Applying this to each term with y=kxy=\dfrac{k}{x}y=xk​, for k=1,2,…,15k=1,2,\dots,15k=1,2,…,15, we get kx−1<[kx]≤kx.\frac{k}{x}-1<\left[\frac{k}{x}\right]\le \frac{k}{x}.xk​−1<[xk​]≤xk​.

  3. Multiply throughout by x>0x>0x>0: k−x<x[kx]≤k.k-x<x\left[\frac{k}{x}\right]\le k.k−x<x[xk​]≤k. This is true for each k=1,2,…,15k=1,2,\dots,15k=1,2,…,15.

  4. Sum these inequalities from k=1k=1k=1 to 151515: ∑k=115(k−x)<x∑k=115[kx]≤∑k=115k.\sum_{k=1}^{15}(k-x)<x\sum_{k=1}^{15}\left[\frac{k}{x}\right]\le \sum_{k=1}^{15}k.∑k=115​(k−x)<x∑k=115​[xk​]≤∑k=115​k. That is, (∑k=115k)−15x<x([1x]+[2x]+⋯+[15x])≤∑k=115k.\left(\sum_{k=1}^{15}k\right)-15x<x\left(\left[\frac1x\right]+\left[\frac2x\right]+\cdots+\left[\frac{15}{x}\right]\right)\le \sum_{k=1}^{15}k.(∑k=115​k)−15x<x([x1​]+[x2​]+⋯+[x15​])≤∑k=115​k.

  5. Compute the sum: ∑k=115k=15⋅162=120.\sum_{k=1}^{15}k=\frac{15\cdot 16}{2}=120.∑k=115​k=215⋅16​=120. So, 120−15x<x([1x]+[2x]+⋯+[15x])≤120.120-15x<x\left(\left[\frac1x\right]+\left[\frac2x\right]+\cdots+\left[\frac{15}{x}\right]\right)\le 120.120−15x<x([x1​]+[x2​]+⋯+[x15​])≤120.

  6. Now let x→0+x\to 0^+x→0+. Then 120−15x→120,120-15x\to 120,120−15x→120, and the upper bound is already 120120120. Hence, by the squeeze theorem, L=120.L=120.L=120.

  7. Therefore the correct option is D.\boxed{\text{D}}.D​.

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