- Write the differential equation in separable form
Given
(1+y2)etanxdx+cos2x(1+e2tanx)dy=0.
Rearrange:
cos2x(1+e2tanx)dy=−(1+y2)etanxdx.
So,
1+y2dy=−cos2x(1+e2tanx)etanxdx.
- Simplify the right-hand side
Use
1+e2tanx=etanx(e−tanx+etanx).
But the best substitution is
t=tanx⇒dt=sec2xdx=cos2xdx.
Thus,
cos2x(1+e2tanx)etanxdx;=1+e2tetdt.
Hence the equation becomes
1+y2dy=−1+e2tetdt.
- Integrate both sides
Left side:
∫1+y2dy=tan−1y.
Right side:
∫1+e2tetdt.
Let
u=et⇒dν=etdt.
Then
∫1+e2tetdt=∫1+ν2dν=tan−1(ν)=tan−1(et).
Therefore,
tan−1y=−tan−1(et)+C.
Since t=tanx,
tan−1y=−tan−1(etanx)+C.
- Use the initial condition y(0)=1
At x=0,
tan0=0,etan0=1,y=1.
So,
tan−1(1)=−tan−1(1)+C.
Since tan−1(1)=4π,
4π=−4π+C⇒C=2π.
Thus,
tan−1y=2π−tan−1(etanx).
Using
2π−tan−1u=tan−1(u1)(u>0),
we get
tan−1y=tan−1(e−tanx).
Hence,
y=e−tanx.
- Compute y(4π)
Since
tan(4π)=1,
we get
y(4π)=e−1=e1.
- Compare with options
The correct option is
e1
which is Option D.