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Differential Equations question

2024 · 9 Apr · Shift 2 · Q54
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Differential Equations question

2024 · 9 Apr · Shift 2 · Q54

JEE MainMathematicsDifferential EquationsNumerical+4 / −1
For a differentiable function f:R→Rf: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}f:R→R, suppose f′(x)=3f(x)+αf^{\prime}(x)=3 f(x)+\alphaf′(x)=3f(x)+α, where α∈R,f(0)=1\alpha \in \mathbb{R}, f(0)=1α∈R,f(0)=1 and lim⁡x→−∞f(x)=7\lim_{x \rightarrow-\infty} f(x)=7x→−∞lim​f(x)=7. Then 9f(−log⁡e3)9 f\left(-\log _e 3\right)9f(−loge​3) is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 61

  1. Given differential equation

    f′(x)=3f(x)+αf'(x)=3f(x)+\alphaf′(x)=3f(x)+α

    with

    f(0)=1,lim⁡x→−∞f(x)=7.f(0)=1, \qquad \lim_{x\to -\infty} f(x)=7.f(0)=1,limx→−∞​f(x)=7.

  2. Solve the linear differential equation

    Rewrite it as

    f′(x)−3f(x)=α.f'(x)-3f(x)=\alpha.f′(x)−3f(x)=α.

    A constant particular solution can be taken as f(x)=kf(x)=kf(x)=k. Then

    0−3k=α  ⟹  k=−α3.0-3k=\alpha \implies k=-\frac{\alpha}{3}.0−3k=α⟹k=−3α​.

    So the general solution is

    f(x)=Ce3x−α3.f(x)=Ce^{3x}-\frac{\alpha}{3}.f(x)=Ce3x−3α​.

  3. Use the limit condition

    As x→−∞x\to -\inftyx→−∞,

    e3x→0.e^{3x}\to 0.e3x→0.

    Hence

    lim⁡x→−∞f(x)=−α3.\lim_{x\to -\infty} f(x)= -\frac{\alpha}{3}.limx→−∞​f(x)=−3α​.

    But this limit is given as 777, so

    −α3=7  ⟹  α=−21.-\frac{\alpha}{3}=7 \implies \alpha=-21.−3α​=7⟹α=−21.

    Therefore,

    f(x)=Ce3x+7.f(x)=Ce^{3x}+7.f(x)=Ce3x+7.

  4. Use the initial condition

    Since f(0)=1f(0)=1f(0)=1,

    C+7=1  ⟹  C=−6.C+7=1 \implies C=-6.C+7=1⟹C=−6.

    Thus

    f(x)=7−6e3x.f(x)=7-6e^{3x}.f(x)=7−6e3x.

  5. Evaluate at x=−ln⁡3x=-\ln 3x=−ln3

    e3(−ln⁡3)=e−3ln⁡3=3−3=127.e^{3(-\ln 3)}=e^{-3\ln 3}=3^{-3}=\frac{1}{27}.e3(−ln3)=e−3ln3=3−3=271​.

    So

    f(−ln⁡3)=7−6(127)=7−29=619.f(-\ln 3)=7-6\left(\frac{1}{27}\right)=7-\frac{2}{9}=\frac{61}{9}.f(−ln3)=7−6(271​)=7−92​=961​.

  6. Compute the required value

    9f(−ln⁡3)=9⋅619=61.9f(-\ln 3)=9\cdot \frac{61}{9}=61.9f(−ln3)=9⋅961​=61.

Therefore, the required integer is

61.\boxed{61}.61​.

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